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→Pretext: Causes of Obesity: Added some more citations outside of a blog, but we still need direct genetic factor v environmental factor studies, but those are costly, so it would be better to sub-in hormone anthroprometrics, SES/income/education and geographic data atm.
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m (→Pretext: Causes of Obesity: Added some more citations outside of a blog, but we still need direct genetic factor v environmental factor studies, but those are costly, so it would be better to sub-in hormone anthroprometrics, SES/income/education and geographic data atm.) |
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== Pretext: Causes of Obesity == | == Pretext: Causes of Obesity == | ||
A recent analysis on Obesity by the blog Slime Mold Time Mold<ref name=":0">https://slimemoldtimemold.com/2021/07/07/a-chemical-hunger-part-i-mysteries/</ref> has noticed that the major hypothesized causes of obesity are largely inaccurate: | A recent analysis on Obesity by the blog Slime Mold Time Mold<ref name=":0">https://slimemoldtimemold.com/2021/07/07/a-chemical-hunger-part-i-mysteries/</ref> has noticed that the major hypothesized causes of obesity are largely inaccurate: | ||
* The "Calories In, Calories Out" Theory<ref name=":1">https://slimemoldtimemold.com/2021/07/11/a-chemical-hunger-part-ii-current-theories-of-obesity-are-inadequate/</ref> can be simply thrown out by the Vermont Prison Experiment (1971), George Bray (1972), Poehlman (1986) and others like it, where the effects of forceful overfeeding in healthy subjects can be mitigated without willpower within 2 months. | * The "Calories In, Calories Out" (Just Eat Healthy) Theory<ref name=":1">https://slimemoldtimemold.com/2021/07/11/a-chemical-hunger-part-ii-current-theories-of-obesity-are-inadequate/</ref> can be simply thrown out by the Vermont Prison Experiment (1971), George Bray (1972), Poehlman (1986) and others like it, where the effects of forceful overfeeding in healthy subjects can be mitigated without willpower within 2 months. Further Analysis<ref>https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/80782569.pdf</ref><ref>https://www.nature.com/articles/ijo20174</ref><ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1543621</ref><ref>https://d-nb.info/1165185393/34</ref> reaffirms that '''increase calorie consumption''' in healthy individuals is often accompanied by increased '''physical activity''' (including fidgeting), base '''metabolism''' and in certain cases, '''muscle mass'''. | ||
*The Animal Fats<ref name=":1" /> and Plant Oils<ref>https://slimemoldtimemold.com/2021/08/18/a-chemical-hunger-interlude-e-bad-seeds/</ref> Theory can also be thrown out, and that even though dietary fat and carbohydrates can make people gain weight ins the short one (low food satiety), they do not make people healthy people fatter in the long run. Keto, Low-Fat and Low-Glycemic Diets are all useless when compared to Paleo, Vegan, or even "western" diets, when adjusted to long-term boomerang effects. Analysis<ref>https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/23-studies-on-low-carb-and-low-fat-diets</ref> noted that even if low-carb diets work 2-3x as effective at weight loss in certain conditions, and can improve triglycerides and cholesterol levels, the '''failure''' rate of both low-carb and low-fat diets are on average '''22%'''. Another review<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33317019/</ref> noted that a low-carb diet also has the side effect of lowering lean mass (muscles), thus it can be said that ketogenic diet is synonymous to a starvation diet. | |||
* The "Nutrient Deficiency"<ref>https://slimemoldtimemold.com/2021/08/05/a-chemical-hunger-interlude-c-highlights-from-the-reddit-comments/</ref> Theory and "Dietary Inflammation" Theory are in consideration. TBD | * "Addictive Food" and "Liquid Food"<ref>https://slimemoldtimemold.com/2021/07/23/a-chemical-hunger-interlude-b-the-nutrient-sludge-diet/</ref> Theory can be thrown out as fat people will always eat more, even when controlling for ease of food delivery and food tastelessness. In general, people find it harder to predict the energy density of bigger portions<ref>http://www.brianwansink.com/qa-blogus/why-do-overweight-people-underestimate-how-much-they-eat</ref>. Also, only overweight people who attempts a diet can predict calorie more accurately than other healthier and/or non-dieting populations<ref>https://mhrc.info.yorku.ca/files/2016/09/September-2016-Kuk.pdf</ref>. This implies that healthy individuals have no incentive to care about dieting. | ||
*The "Nutrient Deficiency"<ref>https://slimemoldtimemold.com/2021/08/05/a-chemical-hunger-interlude-c-highlights-from-the-reddit-comments/</ref> Theory and "Dietary Inflammation" Theory are in consideration. TBD | |||
*One factor not included in the blog is the idea that people who are overweight are less physically active. As noted in later paragraphs, physical activity and metabolism is also genetically biased. | |||
*Genetics is by far the other factor not denied by the blog, but he had presented<ref>https://slimemoldtimemold.com/2021/09/20/a-chemical-hunger-interlude-f-demographics/</ref> data that controls for race, where even when blacks are statistically more likely to be fatter than whites, those that live in certain areas are more likely to be fatter, implying that there are inter-ethnic genetic difference that is consistent between races. It also controlled for income (a stand-in of Socio-Economic Status and often [[Life history]]) and that the effects of poverty and obesity disappears as early as 1990 (however US grain subsidies started in 1995 so the argument is not as strong), and it did not provide a reason why low income is correlated to obesity. | |||
A major pattern<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2">https://slimemoldtimemold.com/2021/07/13/a-chemical-hunger-part-iii-environmental-contaminants/</ref> that is discovered is that | A major pattern<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2">https://slimemoldtimemold.com/2021/07/13/a-chemical-hunger-part-iii-environmental-contaminants/</ref> that is discovered is that | ||
* Obesity only started to be an issue in less than a century ago | *Obesity only started to be an issue in less than a century ago | ||
* Non-industrialized nations are not effected by obesity, even if their diets are matching western diet | *Non-industrialized nations are not effected by obesity, even if their diets are matching western diet | ||
* Altitude and watershed exposure are a main predictor in obesity | *Altitude and watershed exposure are a main predictor in obesity | ||
* Obesity is a universal pattern for zoo animals, lab animals and wild animals, industrial locals and long-term migrants alike | *Obesity is a universal pattern for zoo animals, lab animals and wild animals, industrial locals and long-term migrants alike | ||
One core theory suggested by these findings is that humans have a "Lipostat"<ref name=":1" /> (AKA "Ponderostat") that regulates human fat storage. This is done through Ghrelin (hunger hormone) and Leptin (satiety hormone). Obesity is caused by leptin malfunction, can be cured neurologically (psychiatric medication), or by "blowing the heater" (gastric bypass). But this merely explains how it leads to obesity, but not what caused it. | One core theory suggested by these findings is that humans have a "Lipostat"<ref name=":1" /> (AKA "Ponderostat") that regulates human fat storage. This is done through Ghrelin (hunger hormone) and Leptin (satiety hormone). Obesity is caused by leptin malfunction, can be cured neurologically (psychiatric medication), or by "blowing the heater" (gastric bypass). But this merely explains how it leads to obesity, but not what caused it. | ||
A major claim by the article is that endocrine disruptors and psychiatric contaminants are to blame, for example Lithium<ref>https://slimemoldtimemold.com/2021/08/02/a-chemical-hunger-part-vii-lithium/</ref> and PFAS<ref>https://slimemoldtimemold.com/2021/07/26/a-chemical-hunger-part-vi-pfas/</ref>. There is a relationship between Obesity population, and the same population having Anorexia or Bulimia<ref>https://slimemoldtimemold.com/2021/08/21/a-chemical-hunger-part-viii-paradoxical-reactions/</ref>. The author is hesitant on more serious [[Femoid]]-adjacent chemicals e.g. Oral Contraception AKA Birth Control AKA "The Pill", even though the readers are routinely requesting him to address such issues. | A major claim by the article is that endocrine disruptors and psychiatric contaminants are to blame, for example Lithium<ref>https://slimemoldtimemold.com/2021/08/02/a-chemical-hunger-part-vii-lithium/</ref> and PFAS<ref>https://slimemoldtimemold.com/2021/07/26/a-chemical-hunger-part-vi-pfas/</ref>. There is a relationship between Obesity population, and the same population having Anorexia or Bulimia<ref>https://slimemoldtimemold.com/2021/08/21/a-chemical-hunger-part-viii-paradoxical-reactions/</ref>. The author is hesitant on more serious [[Femoid]]-adjacent chemicals e.g. Oral Contraception AKA Birth Control AKA "The Pill", even though the readers are routinely requesting him to address such issues. | ||
=== Alternative Hypothesis: "It is purely genetic" === | |||
Recent genetic studies<ref><nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.23116</nowiki></ref> noted that the major cause of obesity comes from genes that affect brain development, endocrine system and metabolism. When comparing the genetics of Whites and East Asians, there are at least 25 gene variants<ref>https://doi.org<nowiki/>/10.3389/fgene.2020.575049</ref> that can be identified between these two ethnicities, however the other 31 Asian obesity gene variations cannot be found in the White obesity gene variants of more than 750.The discrepancy in intra-ethnic gene count could be caused by environmental differences, and the propensity for westerners to over-report gene variants with no research control on environment whilst Asians are more culturally homogenous. Newer research has mechanisms<ref>https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldx022</ref> to counteract such issues. | |||
Note: Genetic risk of obesity and BMI is independent<ref>https://cmcoem.info/pdf/curso/genetica_de_la_obesidad/geneticsofobesitylancet.pdf</ref> of birth weight and waist-to-hip ratio (alternative indicators of [[Life history]] or body [[Feminization]]) | |||
=== Alternative Hypothesis: "You cannot blame genetics" === | |||
Harvard<ref>https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/obesity-prevention-source/obesity-causes/genes-and-obesity/</ref> popularized the idea that "physical activity outweighs the FTO gene", where they claim that genetics can only be 3% effective as a cause of obesity. However there are other issues with this line of reasoning, that physical activity and metabolism are also genetically driven(Gene expression<ref>https://doi.org<nowiki/>/10.1186/s12966-020-01077-5</ref>, Twin Studies<ref><nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000022</nowiki></ref>), and that there are triple-digits worth of genes that are in relation to obesity<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31564431</ref>. | |||
=="Fatcel is volcel" argument== | =="Fatcel is volcel" argument== | ||
The "fatcel is volcel" argument states that you can’t call yourself [[involuntary celibate]] if you haven’t made an effort to exercise and thereby make yourself more appealing, or lost enough pounds to be at a healthy weight. Fatcels are in fact hated by [[truecels]]. | The "fatcel is volcel" argument states that you can’t call yourself [[involuntary celibate]] if you haven’t made an effort to exercise and thereby make yourself more appealing, or lost enough pounds to be at a healthy weight. Fatcels are in fact hated by [[truecels]]. | ||
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(Editor's note: The main issue in determining if this is true, is to observe those who are biologically masculinized and feminized to go through a "glow-up" and observe if anything has changed). TBD | (Editor's note: The main issue in determining if this is true, is to observe those who are biologically masculinized and feminized to go through a "glow-up" and observe if anything has changed). TBD | ||
== "Fatcel is volcel" counter-argument == | == "Fatcel is volcel" counter-argument== | ||
It can be argued that if fatcels did not have a [[teen love]] due to being fat, or have been [[Rejection (dating)|rejected]] during such a long time due to their weight that they became [[mentalcel|mentalcels]], then fatcels are not volcels. | It can be argued that if fatcels did not have a [[teen love]] due to being fat, or have been [[Rejection (dating)|rejected]] during such a long time due to their weight that they became [[mentalcel|mentalcels]], then fatcels are not volcels. | ||
It can also be argued that fatcel may or may not be able to lose the fat due to a difficult frame, and that such [[Framecel]] are less likely to be [[Chadlite]] or [[High-tier normie]] even if they become [[Gymcel]]. | It can also be argued that fatcel may or may not be able to lose the fat due to a difficult frame, and that such [[Framecel]] are less likely to be [[Chadlite]] or [[High-tier normie]] even if they become [[Gymcel]]. | ||
== Causes for being overweight == | ==Causes for being overweight== | ||
{{See also|[[Causes of inceldom]]}} | {{See also|[[Causes of inceldom]]}} | ||
A 2018 genetic study on European population has found that the tendency to do sport was linked to genetic traits.<ref>[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29899525/ Genome-wide association study of habitual physical activity in over 377,000 UK Biobank participants identifies multiple variants including CADM2 and APOE]</ref> Another genetic study, performed using a wide range of populations, has found that the body fat percentage was linked to some genetic factors.<ref>[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26833246/ New loci for body fat percentage reveal link between adiposity and cardiometabolic disease risk]</ref> Genetic weight is also linked to genetics, at least among Europeans.<ref>[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19079260/ Genome-wide association yields new sequence variants at seven loci that associate with measures of obesity]</ref> Whether one has an higher or lower body mass index is also linked to genetic traits.<ref>[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25673413/ Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology]</ref> Obesity has been found to be highly (77%) genetically inheritable.<ref>[https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/87/2/275/4633394 Obesity—still highly heritable after all these years]</ref> | A 2018 genetic study on European population has found that the tendency to do sport was linked to genetic traits.<ref>[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29899525/ Genome-wide association study of habitual physical activity in over 377,000 UK Biobank participants identifies multiple variants including CADM2 and APOE]</ref> Another genetic study, performed using a wide range of populations, has found that the body fat percentage was linked to some genetic factors.<ref>[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26833246/ New loci for body fat percentage reveal link between adiposity and cardiometabolic disease risk]</ref> Genetic weight is also linked to genetics, at least among Europeans.<ref>[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19079260/ Genome-wide association yields new sequence variants at seven loci that associate with measures of obesity]</ref> Whether one has an higher or lower body mass index is also linked to genetic traits.<ref>[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25673413/ Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology]</ref> Obesity has been found to be highly (77%) genetically inheritable.<ref>[https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/87/2/275/4633394 Obesity—still highly heritable after all these years]</ref> | ||
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Fatcels might be [[Life history|fast life history strategists]] when it comes to eating habits, and thus cannot refrain from eating fatty or sweet foods. | Fatcels might be [[Life history|fast life history strategists]] when it comes to eating habits, and thus cannot refrain from eating fatty or sweet foods. | ||
==Solutions for Chronic Fatcels== | |||
== Solutions for Chronic Fatcels == | |||
If contaminants are the major issue, it is safe to advice such peoples to leave coastal areas near industrial regions, and move into less contaminated and/or high altitude areas e.g. [[SEAmaxx]]. | If contaminants are the major issue, it is safe to advice such peoples to leave coastal areas near industrial regions, and move into less contaminated and/or high altitude areas e.g. [[SEAmaxx]]. | ||
Here are some other options for [[Chadlite]] and [[High-tier normie]]. From a European perspective, those high-altitude states that have less obesity in general<ref>https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-eurostat-news/-/ddn-20210721-2</ref> has less obese women and more obese men<ref>https://jakubmarian.com/percentage-of-obese-population-by-country-in-europe-map/</ref>, particularly Nordic and Germanic states. From an American perspective, the Northwest and Rocky Mountain states has the best chances in beating environmental stressors<ref>https://vividmaps.com/united-states-elevation/</ref><ref>https://www.maxmasnick.com/2011/11/15/obesity_by_county/</ref>. (Note: please be aware of the region's law on [[Feminism]] and [[Femoid]] complacency) | Here are some other options for [[Chadlite]] and [[High-tier normie]]. From a European perspective, those high-altitude states that have less obesity in general<ref>https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-eurostat-news/-/ddn-20210721-2</ref> has less obese women and more obese men<ref>https://jakubmarian.com/percentage-of-obese-population-by-country-in-europe-map/</ref>, particularly Nordic and Germanic states. From an American perspective, the Northwest and Rocky Mountain states has the best chances in beating environmental stressors<ref>https://vividmaps.com/united-states-elevation/</ref><ref>https://www.maxmasnick.com/2011/11/15/obesity_by_county/</ref>. (Note: please be aware of the region's law on [[Feminism]] and [[Femoid]] complacency) | ||
==Memes== | |||
== Memes == | |||
[[File:6565.jpg|400x400px|center]] | [[File:6565.jpg|400x400px|center]] | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||