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''' | This article only covers male '''homosexuality''' because lesbians seem to be of low significance for inceldom and society at large.<ref>Despite women being much more likely considered a victim group, the term "female homosexuality" is used way less than "male homosexuality". This suggests few people really care about lesbians. Anti-lesbian homophobia is less prevalent and men find lesbians outright sexually arousing, which may stem from the fact that lesbians in a harm implies a lower risk of cuckoldry, hence men selected from it. https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=male+homosexual%2C+female+homosexual&year_start=1800&year_end=2000&corpus=15&smoothing=3&share=&direct_url=t1%3B%2Cmale%20homosexual%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cfemale%20homosexual%3B%2Cc0</ref> | ||
Lesbians | Lesbians are cute, [[foid|foidish]], often [[feminism|feminists]]<ref>17% of U.S. women [https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/national/feminism-project/poll/ identify as "strong feminists"]. | ||
1.5% or so of women [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGBT_demographics_of_the_United_States are lesbians (not bi)]. | 1.5% or so of women [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGBT_demographics_of_the_United_States are lesbians (not bi)]. | ||
Further, "45% of self-identified feminists in a US sample identified as non-heterosexual, predominantly gynephilious (Liss and Erchull, 2010) as compared to 5.6% in a USA probability sample (Bogaert, 2000), which means that feminists were 4.5 times more likely to be non-exclusively heterosexual." ([https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01011/full Source]) Hence, 17% * 45% = 7.7% of women are predicted to be lesbians. By this reasoning, it highly likely that nearly all of the 1.5% lesbians are very strong feminists.</ref> | Further, "45% of self-identified feminists in a US sample identified as non-heterosexual, predominantly gynephilious (Liss and Erchull, 2010) as compared to 5.6% in a USA probability sample (Bogaert, 2000), which means that feminists were 4.5 times more likely to be non-exclusively heterosexual." ([https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01011/full Source]) Hence, 17% * 45% = 7.7% of women are predicted to be lesbians. By this reasoning, it highly likely that nearly all of the 1.5% lesbians are very strong feminists.</ref> | ||
and universally more tolerated than male homosexuals.<ref>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1948550619887785</ref> | and universally a bit more tolerated than male homosexuals.<ref>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1948550619887785</ref> | ||
Lesbianism may have been [[sexual selection|sexually selected]] behavior by men preferring their [[polygyny|harem wives]] to get additional sexual pleasure from each other rather from other men as a means of [[paternity assurance]],<ref>https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=560351713504498712&hl=en&as_sdt=0,5 See section "Male Tolerance"</ref> an idea that [[LGBT]] activists [[triggered|don't like]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20201109034620/https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/lifestyle/2018/08/the-science-of-incels-all-the-reasons-why-some-men-can-t-find-a-partner.html</ref> | Lesbianism may have been [[sexual selection|sexually selected]] behavior by men preferring their [[polygyny|harem wives]] to get additional sexual pleasure from each other rather from other men as a means of [[paternity assurance]],<ref>https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=560351713504498712&hl=en&as_sdt=0,5 See section "Male Tolerance"</ref> an idea that [[LGBT]] activists [[triggered|don't like]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20201109034620/https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/lifestyle/2018/08/the-science-of-incels-all-the-reasons-why-some-men-can-t-find-a-partner.html</ref> | ||
==Prevalence and legitimacy== | == Prevalence and legitimacy == | ||
Some forms of homoerotic behavior were accepted in 64% of the 76 cultures studied.<ref name="ref5"></ref> While bisexuality was very common in human history, men exclusively pursuing other men has probably always been weird due to how rare it was and still is. | Some forms of homoerotic behavior were accepted in 64% of the 76 cultures studied.<ref name="ref5"></ref> While bisexuality was very common in human history, men exclusively pursuing other men has probably always been weird due to how rare it was and still is. Even today, despite high levels of gay acceptance,<ref>Only 22% of U.S. population opposes homosexuality http://www.gallup.com/poll/163697/approve-marriage-blacks-whites.aspx</ref> only less than 2% of men identify as exclusively homosexual,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_sexual_orientation</ref> and very few of them keep that identity for long,<ref name="fluidref">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235906255_Physiological_Evidence_for_a_Mostly_Heterosexual_Orientation_Among_Men</ref> though much more men may have some androphilia alongside their gynephilia, i.e. bisexuality,<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8772014</ref> which will be the main subject of this wiki article. | ||
In much of Oceania, the Middle East, the Caribbean, Africa, and parts of Asia, homosexuality remains illegal and severely punishable, with some countries having a death penalty for it.<ref>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1529100616637616</ref><ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2015/05/12/gambias-president-threatens-to-slit-the-throats-of-gay-men/</ref> | In much of Oceania, the Middle East, the Caribbean, Africa, and parts of Asia, homosexuality remains illegal and severely punishable, with some countries having a death penalty for it.<ref>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1529100616637616</ref><ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2015/05/12/gambias-president-threatens-to-slit-the-throats-of-gay-men/</ref> | ||
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=== Dominant-submissive dichotomy === | === Dominant-submissive dichotomy === | ||
There are various conceivable pathways toward increased reproductive success (RS) through homosexual behavior in terms of the dominant vs submissive dichotomy, explaining homosexuality as an evolved behavior. | |||
For one, penetration can be identified as a high-status activity (more RS), whereas the role of the penetree is associated with low status (less RS). | |||
F. Muscarella proposed incels can turn into submissive homosexuals to form a sexual alliances with higher status men to regain access to group resources and reproductive success ([[homocel hypothesis]]), with the higher status male also gaining some benefits, including sexual pleasure and support | The integral low-status aspect of the penetree results in intrasexual competition in shape of gossip and shaming, also affecting reproductive success (higher RS for the accuser and lower RS for the accusee). | ||
Relatedly, F. Muscarella proposed the so called ''alliance formation hypothesis''.<ref name="ref5">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1300/J082v40n01_03</ref> In his theory incels can turn into submissive homosexuals to form a sexual alliances with higher status men to regain access to group resources and reproductive success ([[homocel hypothesis]]), with the higher status male also gaining some benefits, including sexual pleasure and support (RS for either). It is further conceivable, homosexuality acts as a costly signal of high status by thwarting said gossip (also RS for either). | |||
Each of these pathways is expanded upon below: | |||
<ul><li> | <ul><li> | ||
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'''Modern West''': | '''Modern West''': | ||
Today, most Western homosexuals identify as versatile (around 40%), meaning they have no particular preference for the role of the penetrator or the penetree.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120125003836/http://www.straightacting.com/phpbb3/viewtopic.php?p=222697</ref><ref name="ref41">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-017-0980-y</ref> This means contemporary homosexuals do not exhibit a dichotomy in penetrative or dominance behavior. This may be regarded as counter-evidence for the dominant/submissive dichotomy hypothesis. | Today, most Western homosexuals identify as versatile (around 40%), meaning they have no particular preference for the role of the penetrator or the penetree.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120125003836/http://www.straightacting.com/phpbb3/viewtopic.php?p=222697</ref><ref name="ref41">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-017-0980-y</ref> This means contemporary homosexuals do not exhibit a dichotomy in penetrative or dominance behavior. This may be regarded as counter-evidence for the dominant/submissive dichotomy hypothesis. | ||
However, modern (exclusive) homosexual identity is likely only a political fad,<ref name="fluidref"></ref> attracting people to act out their sexual fantasies rather than adaptations in the context they evolved. | However, modern (exclusive) homosexual identity is likely only a political fad,<ref name="fluidref"></ref> attracting people to act out their sexual fantasies rather than adaptations in the context they evolved in. | ||
Further, gay men identifying as the bottom are more likely later in the birth order, meaning it may be related to weakness and mutational load<ref name="ref41"></ref> and exclusive homosexuals overall exhibit other markers [[mutants|mutational load]] as summarized by the [[#Statistics|statistics]] below. Further, mutational load has overall increased due to declining ecological harshness.<ref>https://www.amazon.co.uk/At-Our-Wits-End-Intelligent/dp/184540985X</ref> | Further, gay men identifying as the bottom are more likely later in the birth order, meaning it may be related to weakness and mutational load<ref name="ref41"></ref> and exclusive homosexuals overall exhibit other markers [[mutants|mutational load]] as summarized by the [[#Statistics|statistics]] below. Further, mutational load has overall increased due to declining ecological harshness.<ref>https://www.amazon.co.uk/At-Our-Wits-End-Intelligent/dp/184540985X</ref> | ||
Taken together, this suggests contemporary men self-identifying as homosexuals are unlikely to be representative of human sexuality in the past, but merely execute adaptations in an extremely liberated context and potentially as the result of mutational load. Hence, they must be used with caution as evidence of evolutionary processes of the past. Moreover, bottoms may not admit to this role exactly because it is associated with low status (social desirability bias). That being said, mutational load is not a judgement or an insult, much like a genetic disease is not a judgment or an insult. | Taken together, this suggests contemporary men self-identifying as homosexuals are unlikely to be representative of human sexuality in the past, but merely execute adaptations in an extremely liberated context and potentially as the result of mutational load. Hence, they must be used with caution as evidence of evolutionary processes of the past. Moreover, bottoms may not admit to this role exactly because it is associated with low status (social desirability bias). That being said, mutational load is not a judgement or an insult, much like a genetic disease is not a judgment or an insult. | ||