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Kinship and Gender (2010), anthropologist Linda Stone writes that, “Today anthropologists generally agree that cases of true matriarchy do not exist in human society, and that they most probably never have.” | Kinship and Gender (2010), anthropologist Linda Stone writes that, “Today anthropologists generally agree that cases of true matriarchy do not exist in human society, and that they most probably never have.” | ||
Murdock & Provost (1973) analyzed task division between the sexes among a wide variety of historical human societies. It is noticeable that men were much more involved in the organization of resources extraction, often far away from home, whereas women were primarily involved in task close to the home. This proves that women have been overwhelmingly dependent on men organizing pretty much everything else. This sex difference in public vs private orientation is also noticeable in sex differences in gossip: Women are twice as talkative in small groups and gossip more about close acquaintances and friends (especially about the looks of other females). | |||
<span style="font-size:125%">'''Data:'''</span> | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | |||
! Task | |||
! Males exlusively | |||
! Males predominantly | |||
! Equally | |||
! Females predominantly | |||
! Females exlusively | |||
! Male index | |||
|- | |||
| Vegetable (food collection) | |||
| 3 | |||
| 1 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 21 | |||
| 145 | |||
| 5.75 | |||
|- | |||
| Cooking (food collection) | |||
| 0 | |||
| 2 | |||
| 2 | |||
| 63 | |||
| 117 | |||
| 8.26 | |||
|- | |||
| Water Fetching (food collection) | |||
| 4 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 8 | |||
| 13 | |||
| 131 | |||
| 8.62 | |||
|- | |||
| Laundering (food collection) | |||
| 5 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 8 | |||
| 49 | |||
| 13.03 | |||
|- | |||
| Spinning (food collection) | |||
| 7 | |||
| 3 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 5 | |||
| 72 | |||
| 13.63 | |||
|- | |||
| Dairy (food collection) | |||
| 4 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 24 | |||
| 14.29 | |||
|- | |||
| Vegetal - Food Collection (food collection) | |||
| 6 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 18 | |||
| 42 | |||
| 65 | |||
| 19.70 | |||
|- | |||
| Pottery (food collection) | |||
| 14 | |||
| 5 | |||
| 6 | |||
| 6 | |||
| 74 | |||
| 21.14 | |||
|- | |||
| Drinks (food collection) | |||
| 15 | |||
| 3 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 65 | |||
| 22.20 | |||
|- | |||
| Clothing (food collection) | |||
| 16 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 11 | |||
| 13 | |||
| 78 | |||
| 22.38 | |||
|- | |||
| Fuel Gathering (food collection) | |||
| 25 | |||
| 12 | |||
| 12 | |||
| 24 | |||
| 94 | |||
| 27.19 | |||
|- | |||
| Shellfish/Small Aquatic Fauna (food collection) | |||
| 11 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 1 | |||
| 12 | |||
| 27 | |||
| 31.09 | |||
|- | |||
| Loom Weaving (food collection) | |||
| 24 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 6 | |||
| 8 | |||
| 50 | |||
| 32.50 | |||
|- | |||
| Preservation (food collection) | |||
| 18 | |||
| 2 | |||
| 3 | |||
| 3 | |||
| 40 | |||
| 32.88 | |||
|- | |||
| Small Domestic Animals (food collection) | |||
| 19 | |||
| 8 | |||
| 14 | |||
| 12 | |||
| 44 | |||
| 35.88 | |||
|- | |||
| Matmaking (food collection) | |||
| 30 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 9 | |||
| 5 | |||
| 55 | |||
| 37.57 | |||
|- | |||
| Burden Carrying (food collection) | |||
| 18 | |||
| 12 | |||
| 46 | |||
| 34 | |||
| 36 | |||
| 39.32 | |||
|- | |||
| Basketmaking (food collection) | |||
| 37 | |||
| 9 | |||
| 15 | |||
| 18 | |||
| 51 | |||
| 42.54 | |||
|- | |||
| Milking (food collection) | |||
| 15 | |||
| 2 | |||
| 8 | |||
| 2 | |||
| 21 | |||
| 43.75 | |||
|- | |||
| Crop Tending (food collection) | |||
| 22 | |||
| 23 | |||
| 24 | |||
| 30 | |||
| 32 | |||
| 44.58 | |||
|- | |||
| Harvesting (food collection) | |||
| 10 | |||
| 37 | |||
| 34 | |||
| 34 | |||
| 26 | |||
| 44.96 | |||
|- | |||
| Leather (food collection) | |||
| 35 | |||
| 3 | |||
| 2 | |||
| 5 | |||
| 29 | |||
| 53.24 | |||
|- | |||
| Planting (food collection) | |||
| 27 | |||
| 35 | |||
| 33 | |||
| 26 | |||
| 20 | |||
| 54.40 | |||
|- | |||
| Eggs, Insects, & small land fauna (food collection) | |||
| 27 | |||
| 3 | |||
| 9 | |||
| 13 | |||
| 15 | |||
| 54.48 | |||
|- | |||
| Preparation of Skins (food collection) | |||
| 39 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 2 | |||
| 5 | |||
| 31 | |||
| 54.57 | |||
|- | |||
| Bodily Mutilation (food collection) | |||
| 36 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 48 | |||
| 6 | |||
| 12 | |||
| 60.75 | |||
|- | |||
| Fire (food collection) | |||
| 40 | |||
| 6 | |||
| 16 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 20 | |||
| 62.33 | |||
|- | |||
| Making of Rope or Cordage (food collection) | |||
| 62 | |||
| 7 | |||
| 18 | |||
| 5 | |||
| 19 | |||
| 69.91 | |||
|- | |||
| Netmaking (food collection) | |||
| 42 | |||
| 2 | |||
| 5 | |||
| 1 | |||
| 15 | |||
| 71.23 | |||
|- | |||
| Soil Preparation (food collection) | |||
| 66 | |||
| 27 | |||
| 14 | |||
| 17 | |||
| 10 | |||
| 73.13 | |||
|- | |||
| Housebuilding (food collection) | |||
| 105 | |||
| 30 | |||
| 14 | |||
| 9 | |||
| 20 | |||
| 77.42 | |||
|- | |||
| Large Domestic Animals (food collection) | |||
| 54 | |||
| 24 | |||
| 14 | |||
| 3 | |||
| 3 | |||
| 82.45 | |||
|- | |||
| Fishing (food collection) | |||
| 83 | |||
| 45 | |||
| 8 | |||
| 5 | |||
| 2 | |||
| 86.71 | |||
|- | |||
| Land Clearance (food collection) | |||
| 95 | |||
| 34 | |||
| 6 | |||
| 3 | |||
| 1 | |||
| 90.50 | |||
|- | |||
| Honey - Food Collection (food collection) | |||
| 39 | |||
| 5 | |||
| 2 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 2 | |||
| 91.67 | |||
|- | |||
| Butchering (food collection) | |||
| 122 | |||
| 9 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 92.31 | |||
|- | |||
| Bonesetting/Surgery (food collection) | |||
| 34 | |||
| 6 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 92.73 | |||
|- | |||
| Mining/Quarrying (food collection) | |||
| 31 | |||
| 1 | |||
| 2 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 1 | |||
| 93.71 | |||
|- | |||
| Bone (food collection) | |||
| 71 | |||
| 7 | |||
| 2 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 2 | |||
| 94.63 | |||
|- | |||
| Stone (food collection) | |||
| 67 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 6 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 95.89 | |||
|- | |||
| Boatbuilding (food collection) | |||
| 84 | |||
| 3 | |||
| 3 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 1 | |||
| 96.59 | |||
|- | |||
| Trapping (food collection) | |||
| 136 | |||
| 12 | |||
| 1 | |||
| 1 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 97.53 | |||
|- | |||
| Musical Instruments (food collection) | |||
| 83 | |||
| 3 | |||
| 1 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 1 | |||
| 97.61 | |||
|- | |||
| Fowling - Food Collection (food collection) | |||
| 131 | |||
| 5 | |||
| 3 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 98.20 | |||
|- | |||
| Wood (food collection) | |||
| 159 | |||
| 3 | |||
| 1 | |||
| 1 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 98.84 | |||
|- | |||
| Large Land Fauna - Food Collection (food collection) | |||
| 139 | |||
| 5 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 99.31 | |||
|- | |||
| Lumbering (food collection) | |||
| 135 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 99.42 | |||
|- | |||
| Metalworking (food collection) | |||
| 85 | |||
| 1 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 99.77 | |||
|- | |||
| Large Aquatic Fauna - Food Collection (food collection) | |||
| 48 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 100.00 | |||
|- | |||
| Smelting (food collection) | |||
| 37 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 0 | |||
| 100.00 | |||
|} | |||
<span style="font-size:125%">'''References:'''</span> | |||
* https://traditionsofconflict.com/blog/2018/3/17/where-are-the-matriarchies | * https://traditionsofconflict.com/blog/2018/3/17/where-are-the-matriarchies | ||
* Murdock GP, Provost C. 1973. ''Factors in the Division of Labor by Sex: A Cross-Cultural Analysis.'' Ethnology, 12(2), 203. [[http://doi.org/10.2307/3773347 Abstract]] | |||
==<span style="font-family:'Linux Libertine, Georgia, Times, serif'; font-size:40px; font-weight: normal;">''Tee-Hee''</span>== | ==<span style="font-family:'Linux Libertine, Georgia, Times, serif'; font-size:40px; font-weight: normal;">''Tee-Hee''</span>== |