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This restlessness seems to be driven by an existential fear about access to resources and by an anxiety about being stuck with a man who isn't the best one available.<ref>https://therationalmale.com/2019/03/11/womens-existential-fear/</ref> | This restlessness seems to be driven by an existential fear about access to resources and by an anxiety about being stuck with a man who isn't the best one available.<ref>https://therationalmale.com/2019/03/11/womens-existential-fear/</ref> | ||
In terms of evolutionary biology, such instinctive behavior can be explained by [[Bateman's principle]] which also explains greater sexual choosiness in non-human females. | In terms of evolutionary biology, such instinctive behavior can be explained by [[Bateman's principle]] which also explains greater sexual choosiness in non-human females. | ||
Women are also physically weaker and have less power over resources, so hypergamy is in theory the most stable mate choice for women, because choosing the best man among the ones that promise continued investment a woman can attract, ensures that her partner cannot be outcompeted and threatened by an even better one. Researchers also suggested that hypergamy may arise from the premise that men naturally provide resources to women in return for exclusive access to sex which men desire as they want certainty that the offspring is theirs (a problem that women do not face).<ref>https://d-nb.info/997448148/34</ref> | Women are also physically weaker and have less power over resources, so hypergamy is in theory the most stable mate choice for women, because choosing the best man among the ones that promise continued investment a woman can attract, ensures that her partner cannot be outcompeted and threatened by an even better one (bodyguard hypothesis).<ref>http://web.simmons.edu/%7Eturnerg/MCC/Matechoice2PDF.pdf</ref> | ||
Researchers also suggested that hypergamy may arise from the premise that men naturally provide resources to women in return for exclusive access to sex which men desire as they want certainty that the offspring is theirs (a problem that women do not face).<ref>https://d-nb.info/997448148/34</ref> | |||
<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016748701630277X</ref> There are mixed results about the importance of a power differential regarding income and education for women's marital satisfaction. | <ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016748701630277X</ref> There are mixed results about the importance of a power differential regarding income and education for women's marital satisfaction. | ||
Higher income of the man was found to be associated with female orgasm and lower income predicted sexlessness.<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1090513808001177</ref><ref>https://cnnespanol2.files.wordpress.com/2012/10/polletandnettle-orgasms.pdf?attredirects=1</ref> | Higher income of the man was found to be associated with female orgasm and lower income predicted sexlessness.<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1090513808001177</ref><ref>https://cnnespanol2.files.wordpress.com/2012/10/polletandnettle-orgasms.pdf?attredirects=1</ref> | ||
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and women also rate men with high status cues (e.g. presentation of luxury goods) as more sexually attractive, while men don't care about this.<ref>http://doi.org/10.1556/JEP.12.2014.1.1</ref> | and women also rate men with high status cues (e.g. presentation of luxury goods) as more sexually attractive, while men don't care about this.<ref>http://doi.org/10.1556/JEP.12.2014.1.1</ref> | ||
Men's social status also accounts for 62% of the variance of frequency of copulation opportunities.<ref>https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X00029939</ref> | Men's social status also accounts for 62% of the variance of frequency of copulation opportunities.<ref>https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X00029939</ref> | ||
Mixed results in existing relationships and marriages suggest that relationships have mostly already passed the hypergamous filter, i.e. already mostly fulfill the condition for the man being the most valuable man available which may not only be decided by the measures of power differential used in the studies (income and education status), but also physical dominance, physical attractiveness, peer popularity and occupational prestige. | |||
There are indications that hypergamy has intensified in recent time. | There are indications that hypergamy has intensified in recent time. | ||