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=== Women are just as 'visual' as men===
=== Women are just as 'visual' as men===
Women place a minimum threshold of physical attractiveness on potential mates before they are willing to consider anything else about them.<ref>https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40806-017-0092-x</ref>  Women also lie about the degree of importance of physical attractiveness.<ref>https://www.livescience.com/58607-mens-looks-may-matter-more-than-personality.html</ref> Women are also seemingly more choosy about looks than men, e.g. they rate 80% of men as below [[Decile|5/10]] with a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skew_normal_distribution skewed distribution] both in online dating and non-online dating, whereas men rate women [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_distribution normally].<ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Scientific_Blackpill#Women_rate_80.25_of_men_as_.22below_average.22.2C_while_men_rate_women_on_a_bell_curve</ref> The common bluepilled objection to women being shallow about looks in online dating is that in real life women would care about personality and that one could easily make up for bad looks with a good personality. Sadly, various studies showed looks are the only factor to predict initial romantic interest,<ref>https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2005-11095-001</ref> and they are only slightly less important in long-term dating.<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22468419</ref> Looks are highly heritable as well,<ref>https://www2.psy.uq.edu.au/~uqbziets/Mitchem%20et%20al%202013%20Estimating%20the%20sex-specific%20effects%20of%20genes%20on%20facial%20attractiveness%20and%20sexual%20dimorphism.pdf</ref>  
Women place a minimum threshold of physical attractiveness on potential mates before they are willing to consider anything else about them.<ref>https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40806-017-0092-x</ref>  Women also lie about the degree of importance of physical attractiveness.<ref>https://www.livescience.com/58607-mens-looks-may-matter-more-than-personality.html</ref> Women are also seemingly more choosy about looks than men, e.g. they rate 80% of men as below [[Decile|5/10]] with a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skew_normal_distribution skewed distribution] both in online dating and non-online dating, whereas men rate women [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_distribution normally].<ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Scientific_Blackpill#Women_rate_80.25_of_men_as_.22below_average.22.2C_while_men_rate_women_on_a_bell_curve</ref> The common bluepilled objection to women being shallow about looks in online dating is that in real life women would care about personality and that one could easily make up for bad looks with a good personality. Sadly, various studies showed looks are the only factor to predict initial romantic interest,<ref>https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2005-11095-001</ref> and they are only slightly less important in long-term dating.<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22468419</ref> Looks are highly heritable as well,<ref>https://www2.psy.uq.edu.au/~uqbziets/Mitchem%20et%20al%202013%20Estimating%20the%20sex-specific%20effects%20of%20genes%20on%20facial%20attractiveness%20and%20sexual%20dimorphism.pdf</ref>  
so even though lifestyle choices like bodybuilding can improve looks, most of it predetermined. Men's attractiveness and masculinity also predict a woman's chance of orgasm.<ref>https://putslab.la.psu.edu/documents/Puts%20et%20al.%20EHB%202012-1.pdf</ref> While not as drastic as women's ratings on OkCupid suggest, there is indeed evidence of women dating up in looks, e.g. very unattractive men were less likely married in one study (15% less likely married than very attractive men).<ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Scientific_Blackpill#Being_unattractive_reduces_men.27s_chances_of_finding_partners.2C_but_not_women.27s</ref>
so even though lifestyle choices like bodybuilding can improve looks, much of it is predetermined, with more than half of an individuals lean mass being hereditary<ref>https://asbmr.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1359/jbmr.1997.12.12.2076</ref> and an individual's response to resistance training is also significantly determined by genetics<ref>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/7794282_Variability_in_muscle_size_and_strength_gain_after_unilateral_resistance_training</ref>. Men's attractiveness and masculinity also predict a woman's chance of orgasm.<ref>https://putslab.la.psu.edu/documents/Puts%20et%20al.%20EHB%202012-1.pdf</ref> While not as drastic as women's ratings on OkCupid suggest, there is indeed evidence of women dating up in looks, e.g. very unattractive men were less likely married in one study (15% less likely married than very attractive men).<ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Scientific_Blackpill#Being_unattractive_reduces_men.27s_chances_of_finding_partners.2C_but_not_women.27s</ref>
Conversely, very unattractive women were more likely being married than other women, providing some evidence for [[Juggernaut law]].<ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Scientific_Blackpill#.27Very_unattractive.27_women_are_more_likely_to_be_married_than_other_women</ref>
Conversely, very unattractive women were more likely being married than other women, providing some evidence for [[Juggernaut law]].<ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Scientific_Blackpill#.27Very_unattractive.27_women_are_more_likely_to_be_married_than_other_women</ref>


=== Looks are largely objective, especially ugly people's looks ===
=== Looks are largely objective, especially ugly people's looks ===
Humans universally prefer good looking people and agree fairly consistently about who is attractive.<ref>Di Dio C, Macaluso E, Rizzolatti G (2007) The Golden Beauty: Brain Response to Classical and Renaissance Sculptures. PLoS ONE2(11): e1201. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001201</ref><ref>https://archive.is/tmkKW</ref><ref>Psychological Bulletin 2000, Vol. 126, No. 3, 390-423 DOI: 10.1037//0033-2909.126.3.390
Humans universally prefer good looking people and agree fairly consistently about who is attractive.<ref>Di Dio C, Macaluso E, Rizzolatti G (2007) The Golden Beauty: Brain Response to Classical and Renaissance Sculptures. PLoS ONE2(11): e1201. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001201</ref><ref>https://archive.is/tmkKW</ref><ref>Psychological Bulletin 2000, Vol. 126, No. 3, 390-423 DOI: 10.1037//0033-2909.126.3.390
</ref><ref>http://jonathanstray.com/papers/Langlois.pdf</ref><ref>https://www.springer.com/us/book/9783319178660</ref><ref>https://labs.la.utexas.edu/langloislab/files/2015/04/meta.pdf</ref> They agree more about the looks of very attractive and unattractive individuals, hence for them looks are more objective.  People agree less about people of average attractiveness, so here individual preferences play a greater role.  Even babies prefer attractive faces over non-attractive ones long before culture could have affected their preferences,<ref>https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn6355-babies-prefer-to-gaze-upon-beautiful-faces</ref><ref>http://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/releases/dev-dev0000734.pdf</ref> And even blind men have the same preferences about women's hourglas shape as sighted men. Also, among widely different cultures, universal standards for beauty exist<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3130383/</ref> and women universally prefer tall men to short men.<ref>https://research.similarminds.com/romantic-height-preferences-in-men-and-women/227</ref>
</ref><ref>http://jonathanstray.com/papers/Langlois.pdf</ref><ref>https://www.springer.com/us/book/9783319178660</ref><ref>https://labs.la.utexas.edu/langloislab/files/2015/04/meta.pdf</ref> They agree more about the looks of very attractive and unattractive individuals, hence for them looks are more objective.  People agree less about people of average attractiveness, so here individual preferences play a greater role.  Even babies prefer attractive faces over non-attractive ones long before culture could have affected their preferences,<ref>https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn6355-babies-prefer-to-gaze-upon-beautiful-faces</ref><ref>http://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/releases/dev-dev0000734.pdf</ref> And even blind men have the same preferences about women's hourglas shape as sighted men. Also, among widely different cultures, universal standards for beauty exist<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3130383/</ref> and women almost universally prefer tall men to short men.<ref>https://research.similarminds.com/romantic-height-preferences-in-men-and-women/227</ref>
Taken together, these research findings strongly suggest that the preference for beauty is largely innate, likely evolved by [[Fisherian runaway|sexual selection]] and rather than a social construct.
Taken together, these research findings strongly suggest that the preference for beauty is largely innate, likely evolved by [[Fisherian runaway|sexual selection]] and rather than a social construct.
People also automatically associate physical attractiveness with various positive traits to unreasonable degree, e.g. a good personality, humor, morality, intelligence and health.<ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Scientific_Blackpill#Attractive_people_are_perceived_much_more_positively_than_they_really_are</ref>
People also automatically associate physical attractiveness with various positive traits to unreasonable degree, e.g. a good personality, humor, morality, intelligence and health.<ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Scientific_Blackpill#Attractive_people_are_perceived_much_more_positively_than_they_really_are</ref>
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[[Hypergamy]] is a particular expression of female choosiness. Namely, a woman not only wants a good partner, but better than her or better than her previous partners.  E.g. women with higher income tend to have preference for a man with even higher income.<ref>https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010418-103408</ref>
[[Hypergamy]] is a particular expression of female choosiness. Namely, a woman not only wants a good partner, but better than her or better than her previous partners.  E.g. women with higher income tend to have preference for a man with even higher income.<ref>https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010418-103408</ref>
Women are also prone to instability when they are more attractive than their male partner.<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S019188691500505X</ref>
Women are also prone to instability when they are more attractive than their male partner.<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S019188691500505X</ref>
There is evidence of some women refusing to date down in educational status and marry men with lower income than their own, and rather staying single when not finding such a partner.<ref>https://www.edge.org/response-detail/26747</ref><ref>https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjv001</ref><ref>https://fee.org/articles/why-single-women-are-way-more-likely-to-own-a-home-than-single-men/</ref><ref>https://newsroom.wiley.com/press-release/journal-marriage-and-family/do-unmarried-women-face-shortages-partners-us-marriage-mar</ref>
There is evidence of some women refusing to date down in educational status and marry men with lower income than their own, and preferring to remain single when they don't find such a partner.<ref>https://www.edge.org/response-detail/26747</ref><ref>https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjv001</ref><ref>https://fee.org/articles/why-single-women-are-way-more-likely-to-own-a-home-than-single-men/</ref><ref>https://newsroom.wiley.com/press-release/journal-marriage-and-family/do-unmarried-women-face-shortages-partners-us-marriage-mar</ref>
As women surpass men in socioeconomic success, hypergamy implies that more men are becoming unattractive to women.
As women surpass men in socioeconomic success, hypergamy implies that more men are becoming unattractive to women.
Men have a higher sex drive,<ref>https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Is-There-a-Gender-Difference-in-Strength-of-Sex-and-Baumeister-Catanese/5f8446340d4ed375007351539e7993fa44e2e31b</ref>
Men have a higher sex drive,<ref>https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Is-There-a-Gender-Difference-in-Strength-of-Sex-and-Baumeister-Catanese/5f8446340d4ed375007351539e7993fa44e2e31b</ref>
possibly because they have less [[Bateman's principle|parental investment]].
possibly because they have less [[Bateman's principle|parental investment]].
This results in women having much more options to choose from and in chronic sexual frustration for most men.<ref>Baumeister, R.F. and Tice, D.M., 2001. The social dimension of sex. Allyn & Bacon.</ref>
This results in women having much more options to choose from and in chronic sexual frustration for most men.<ref>Baumeister, R.F. and Tice, D.M., 2001. The social dimension of sex. Allyn & Bacon.</ref>
Since men have fewer alternative mating options available to them, they more readily make compromises and date down.<ref>https://assets.csom.umn.edu/assets/71503.pdf</ref>
Since men have fewer alternative mating options available to them, they more readily make compromises and date down.<ref>https://assets.csom.umn.edu/assets/71503.pdf</ref>, particularly if they experience frequent rejection<ref>https://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/abs/10.1027/1864-9335/a000392</ref>.
This means the social expectations for men are overall higher. It also means that [[Femcel|femcels]] are rarer than male incels and more likely [[Volcel|volcels]].
This means the social expectations for men are overall higher. It also means that [[Femcel|femcels]] are rarer than male incels and more likely [[Volcel|volcels]].


There is a fundamental asymmetry in that men do not care about women's socioeconomic status, but women care a lot about men's status.<ref>ftp://repec.iza.org/RePEc/Discussionpaper/dp11933.pdf</ref><ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Scientific_Blackpill#Women_rapidly_lose_interest_in_sex_once_in_a_stable_relationship_or_living_with_a_man</ref>
There is a fundamental asymmetry in that men generally do not care about women's socioeconomic status, but women care a lot about men's status.<ref>ftp://repec.iza.org/RePEc/Discussionpaper/dp11933.pdf</ref><ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Scientific_Blackpill#Women_rapidly_lose_interest_in_sex_once_in_a_stable_relationship_or_living_with_a_man</ref>
Because women constantly want a better man, they get bored with relationships and sex sooner which may explain why they are more likely to initiate divorce.<ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Scientific_Blackpill#Women_initiate_69.25_of_divorces</ref>
Because women constantly want a better man, they get bored with relationships and sex sooner which may explain why they are more likely to initiate divorce.<ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Scientific_Blackpill#Women_initiate_69.25_of_divorces</ref>


Women have been dependent on men's resources throughout history, for example, in historical societies women were much more involved cooking than in resource extraction<ref>https://doi.org/10.2307/3773347</ref>. Hence, the principles of economics can be applied to sexual market: Women can sell exclusive access to sex because men have higher sex drive and desire certainty about their parenthood, and men can sell the resources because women depend on them.<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016748701630277X</ref><ref>https://d-nb.info/997448148/34</ref> This means, welfare and affirmative action for women, as well as decreasing economic growth and increasing economic inequality, tend to reduce the [[SMV]] of lots of men.
Women have been dependent on men's resources throughout history, for example, in historical societies women were much more involved cooking than in resource extraction<ref>https://doi.org/10.2307/3773347</ref>. Hence, the principles of economics can be applied to sexual market: Women can sell exclusive access to sex because men have higher sex drive and desire certainty about their parenthood, and men can sell the resources because women depend on them.<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016748701630277X</ref><ref>https://d-nb.info/997448148/34</ref> This means, welfare and affirmative action for women, as well as decreasing economic growth and increasing economic inequality, tend to reduce the [[SMV]] of lots of men.


There is evidence that hypergamy has intensified in the recent years. Namely, the top 5-20% of men (ie. "Chads") are now having more sex than ever before.<ref>Harper CR, Dittus PJ, Leichliter JS, Aral, SO. Changes in the Distribution of Sex Partners in the United States: 2002 to 2011–2013. Sexually Transmitted Diseases: February 2017 - Volume 44 - Issue 2 - p 96–100. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000554</ref><ref>https://journals.lww.com/stdjournal/Fulltext/2017/02000/Changes_in_the_Distribution_of_Sex_Partners_in_the.5.aspx</ref>  
There is evidence that hypergamy has intensified in the recent years. Namely, the top 5-20% of men (i.e. "[[Chad|Chads]]") are now having more sex than ever before.<ref>Harper CR, Dittus PJ, Leichliter JS, Aral, SO. Changes in the Distribution of Sex Partners in the United States: 2002 to 2011–2013. Sexually Transmitted Diseases: February 2017 - Volume 44 - Issue 2 - p 96–100. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000554</ref><ref>https://journals.lww.com/stdjournal/Fulltext/2017/02000/Changes_in_the_Distribution_of_Sex_Partners_in_the.5.aspx</ref>  
In addition, women's infidelity rate has increased<ref>http://www.fincham.info/papers/2017-infidelity.pdf</ref>
In addition, women's infidelity rate has increased<ref>http://www.fincham.info/papers/2017-infidelity.pdf</ref>
and for people aged 20-30, is now close to men's infidelity rate,<ref>https://ifstudies.org/blog/who-cheats-more-the-demographics-of-cheating-in-america</ref>
and for people aged 20-30, is now close to men's infidelity rate,<ref>https://ifstudies.org/blog/who-cheats-more-the-demographics-of-cheating-in-america</ref>
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Curiously, women prefer partnered men over single men which may be related to women's preference for high status.<ref>http://digital.library.okstate.edu/etd/umi-okstate-2649.pdf</ref><ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103109001048?via%3Dihub</ref><ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1660608/</ref>
Curiously, women prefer partnered men over single men which may be related to women's preference for high status.<ref>http://digital.library.okstate.edu/etd/umi-okstate-2649.pdf</ref><ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103109001048?via%3Dihub</ref><ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1660608/</ref>


In summay, women's love style is more opportunistic and transactional than men's. Women are loved unconditionally, men are not.
In summary, women's love style is more opportunistic and transactional than men's. Women are loved unconditionally, men are not.


=== Women prefer dominant and [[Stoicism|stoic]] men ===
=== Women prefer dominant and [[Stoicism|stoic]] men ===
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=== [[Strategic pluralism|The dual mating strategy]] ===
=== [[Strategic pluralism|The dual mating strategy]] ===
Dual-mating refers to a hypothesis that women have an innate mating strategy that involves two mates: One for securing a [[long-term relationship|supportive long-term]] partner (a beta [[cuckold]]), and one to obtain superior genes for the offspring from (an [[Chad|alpha male]]).<ref>http://pillse.bol.ucla.edu/Publications/Pillsworth&Haselton_ARSR.pdf</ref>
Dual-mating refers to a hypothesis that women have an innate mating strategy that involves two interwoven preferences for separate traits they desire in their male partners: securing a [[long-term relationship|supportive long-term]] partner (a beta [[cuckold]]), and obtaining so-called "good genes" through seeking illicit affairs with (an [[Chad|alpha male]]).<ref>http://pillse.bol.ucla.edu/Publications/Pillsworth&Haselton_ARSR.pdf</ref>
In recent time, this hypothesis was used to explain seemingly higher rates of [[cuck|cuckoldry]], but also seemingly increasing rate of beta men providing for single mothers in their 30s or 40s [[pumped and dumped|after]] they had obtained a child from a  ([[alpha fucks, beta bucks]], AF/BB).{{Citation needed}}
In recent time, this hypothesis was used to explain seemingly higher rates of [[cuck|cuckoldry]], but also seemingly increasing rates of beta men providing for single mothers in their 30s or 40s [[pumped and dumped|after]] they had obtained a child from a more desirable male, which is dubbed ([[alpha fucks, beta bucks]], AF/BB).{{Citation needed}}
More recently, however, the dual-mating strategy fell in disfavor for a number of reasons. One reason is that non-paternity rates are very low globally,<ref>https://labs.la.utexas.edu/buss/files/2013/02/The-Mate-Switching-Hypothesis-FINAL-PUBLISHED-2017.pdf (see Section 6)</ref>
More recently, however, the dual-mating strategy fell in disfavor in the scientific community for a number of reasons. One reason is that non-paternity rates are very low globally,<ref>https://labs.la.utexas.edu/buss/files/2013/02/The-Mate-Switching-Hypothesis-FINAL-PUBLISHED-2017.pdf (see Section 6)</ref>
e.g. only 3% of all children in the U.S. live with a step father.<ref>https://ifstudies.org/blog/more-than-60-of-u-s-kids-live-with-two-biological-parents/</ref>
e.g. only 3% of all children in the U.S. live with a step father.<ref>https://ifstudies.org/blog/more-than-60-of-u-s-kids-live-with-two-biological-parents/</ref>
This suggests, dual-mating was at most be a minor female mating strategy in the past, if it is an evolved adaptation at all.
This suggests, dual-mating was at most be a minor female mating strategy in the past, if it is an evolved adaptation at all.

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