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The Washington Post published an article with impressive visualizations of the problem.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2018/world/too-many-men/<br />Archived: https://archive.is/4R90y</ref> | The Washington Post published an article with impressive visualizations of the problem.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2018/world/too-many-men/<br />Archived: https://archive.is/4R90y</ref> | ||
Up until the turn of the millennium, marriage was enforced quite strictly such that among 30-34 year olds only 2% of women (but 10% of men) were single.<ref>Ji, Y. (2015). Between tradition and modernity: | Up until the turn of the millennium, marriage was enforced quite strictly such that among 30-34 year olds only 2% of women (but 10% of men) were single.<ref>Ji, Y. (2015). Between tradition and modernity: "leftover" women in shanghai. Journal of Marriage and Family, 77(5), 1057-1073.</ref> | ||
However, the liberalization and Westernization following the 1990s economic boom lead to a lower marriage rate and a trend toward later mean age at first marriage just like in Western nations.<ref>https://news.cgtn.com/news/3d3d774e3467444f32457a6333566d54/index.html</ref><ref>http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-08-22/chinas-leftover-ladies-are-anything-but</ref> | However, the liberalization and Westernization following the 1990s economic boom lead to a lower marriage rate and a trend toward later mean age at first marriage just like in Western nations.<ref>https://news.cgtn.com/news/3d3d774e3467444f32457a6333566d54/index.html</ref><ref>http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-08-22/chinas-leftover-ladies-are-anything-but</ref> | ||
As shown in the table below, due to these formally strict norms, among older Chinese academics one observes very few 'incels' (those who are single and face difficulties attracting a partner) when compared to a matching Greece sample which has lower marriage rates. This suggests that marriage norms may decide significantly over inceldom rates during adulthood. | As shown in the table below, due to these formally strict norms, among older Chinese academics one observes very few 'incels' (those who are single and face difficulties attracting a partner) when compared to a matching Greece sample which has lower marriage rates. This suggests that marriage norms may decide significantly over inceldom rates during adulthood. |