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Another explanation for bullying behavior may be the ''social brain hypothesis'' which posits that the competitive cognitive demands of sociality have driven the evolution of enlarged brains in some mammals, especially in primates. | Another explanation for bullying behavior may be the ''social brain hypothesis'' which posits that the competitive cognitive demands of sociality have driven the evolution of enlarged brains in some mammals, especially in primates. | ||
Machiavellianism in particular may serve to assist individuals in negotiating their social world (Turpin, 2021), explaining the general prevalence of Machiavellianism as evidenced by high rates of [[mate poaching]] in the overall population, and Machiavellianism not even being linked to evolutionarily more ancient fast [[life history]] strategies, despite being one of the [[dark triad|"dark" personality traits]] and | Machiavellianism in particular may serve to assist individuals in negotiating their social world (Turpin, 2021), explaining the general prevalence of Machiavellianism as evidenced by high rates of [[mate poaching]] in the overall population, and Machiavellianism not even being linked to evolutionarily more ancient fast [[life history]] strategies, despite being one of the [[dark triad|"dark" personality traits]] and the other dark traits having been linked to lower parental investment (Davis, 2019). However, notably only the calculated and manipulative aspect of Machiavellianism such as lying effectively is actually linked to higher general intelligence (Zhang, 2018), but nonetheless such competition might select for higher specialized/non-general, especially verbal skills which require to be accommodated by more neuronal capacity and larger, more complex brains. | ||
Selection for socially complex, Machiavellian behavior would act at multiple levels, from intrasexual to intragroup to intergroup competition, and bullying behavior toward the neurodivergent might be explained by such individuals being particularly easy prey of Machiavellian and socially competitive behavior. | Selection for socially complex, Machiavellian behavior would act at multiple levels, from intrasexual to intragroup to intergroup competition, and bullying behavior toward the neurodivergent might be explained by such individuals being particularly easy prey of Machiavellian and socially competitive behavior. | ||
Apart from competition, bullying might also play a role in socially synergistic behavior. In particular, bullying may prevent from individuals straying away from the group's shared goals and values thereby increasing the group's cohesion, and might also ensure a high level of body hygiene thereby increasing the group's parasite resistance. | Apart from competition, bullying might also play a role in socially synergistic behavior. In particular, bullying may prevent from individuals straying away from the group's shared goals and values thereby increasing the group's cohesion, and might also ensure a high level of body hygiene thereby increasing the group's parasite resistance. |