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This results in an evolutionary arms race between males causing them to evolve to be stronger and taller than the females. A minority of males is predicted to shortcut this competition by directly coercing females into sex ([[rape]]) and threaten or kill the offspring ([[reproductive success#Violent_reproductive_strategies|infanticide]]) for their own [[Reproductive success#Violent_reproductive_strategies|reproductive advantage]]. This, in turn, predicts females would evolve to prefer a strong partner who can protect herself and the offspring, especially from sexually coercive males of [[creep|who are not as strong]]. Protective males defend their own reproductive interests, as well as augment the female's ability to survive and reproduce.<ref>https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4615-5985-6_9</ref> | This results in an evolutionary arms race between males causing them to evolve to be stronger and taller than the females. A minority of males is predicted to shortcut this competition by directly coercing females into sex ([[rape]]) and threaten or kill the offspring ([[reproductive success#Violent_reproductive_strategies|infanticide]]) for their own [[Reproductive success#Violent_reproductive_strategies|reproductive advantage]]. This, in turn, predicts females would evolve to prefer a strong partner who can protect herself and the offspring, especially from sexually coercive males of [[creep|who are not as strong]]. Protective males defend their own reproductive interests, as well as augment the female's ability to survive and reproduce.<ref>https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4615-5985-6_9</ref> | ||
The bodyguard hypothesis applies in particular to unpredictable, [[life history|fast-life]] ecologies with a high prevalence of highly sexually active, [[promiscuity|promiscous]] men, and thus may primarily apply to fast-life strategic women, though other women may still | The bodyguard hypothesis applies in particular to unpredictable, [[life history|fast-life]] ecologies with a high prevalence of highly sexually active, [[promiscuity|promiscous]] men, and thus may primarily apply to fast-life strategic women, though other women may still possess related behavioral adaptations as vestiges. | ||
== Humans == | == Humans == |