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One Norwegian study showed "the proportion of childless men (at age 40 years) has increased rapidly for Norwegian male cohorts from 1940 to 1970 (from 15% to 25%). For women, it has only increased marginally (from 10% to 13%)" which points to [[serial monogamy]]. Personality traits have also become increasingly important for male fertility.<ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/BlackPillScience/comments/dtzvhk/the_proportion_of_childless_men_at_age_40_years/</ref> As in the other countries, the result points to a greater prevalence of male incels than female incels. | One Norwegian study showed "the proportion of childless men (at age 40 years) has increased rapidly for Norwegian male cohorts from 1940 to 1970 (from 15% to 25%). For women, it has only increased marginally (from 10% to 13%)" which points to [[serial monogamy]]. Personality traits have also become increasingly important for male fertility.<ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/BlackPillScience/comments/dtzvhk/the_proportion_of_childless_men_at_age_40_years/</ref> As in the other countries, the result points to a greater prevalence of male incels than female incels. | ||
In a survey conducted by Durex in 2006, inhabitants of the Scandinavian countries were the most likely to state they wanted more sex. 52-53% wanted more sex vs a global average 36.12±8.33.<ref name="ref71"></ref> | In a survey conducted by Durex in 2006, inhabitants of the Scandinavian countries were the most likely to state they wanted more sex. 52-53% wanted more sex vs a global average 36.12±8.33.<ref name="ref71"></ref> | ||
===Korea, Republic of=== | |||
In 2021 an online survey examining the frequency and engagement with various types of sexual behaviors on behalf of South Korean men and women was published in the World Journal of Men's Health (Ahn et al., 2021). The data used in the consequent study was derived from a representative sample of Korean men and women aged between 18 and sixty-nine.<ref>https://www.wjmh.org/search.php?where=aview&id=10.5534/wjmh.190137&code=2074WJMH&vmode=PUBREADER</ref> | |||
The key findings in regards to the prevalence of the incel problem in the country are: | |||
*More men than women reported sexual experience in all age brackets but the younger (aged 18-19). However, as the sample size for the youngest age bracket was small, it is unknown if this difference is statistically significant. | |||
*Among men of low education levels (high school education or less) or in the lowest income bracket (900 USD or less a month), the aforementioned sex difference in sexual experience was reversed, with more women in these education and income brackets reporting prior sexual experience. | |||
*In terms of the reported engagement in sexual activity in the last year, women in the age bracket of 18-39 were more likely to report having had a sexual partner in the previous year than men in these age brackets. It is clear if the sex difference found here is significant for the 18-19 age bracket as the sample size is too low to detect a significant effect. Still, such a sex gap would be concordant with the sex differences found for the younger age brackets if it would prove to be evident with a larger sample size. | |||
*The biggest sex gap found (in terms of being currently sexually active) was in the 20-29 age bracket, with 58.8% of these men reporting sexual activity in the last 12 months compared to 78.6% of the women of this age. | |||
*Women of all age brackets reported substantially less engagement in casual sexual activities than men. This sex discrepancy in reporting engagement in promiscuous sexual activity is likely due to a mix of factors.<br />Firstly, in a society with highly conservative attitudes to extra-martial sexual behaviors engaged in by women, such as South Korea, women are very likely to downplay their engagement in casual sexual activity, even in anonymous surveys.<br />Secondly, many men may be [[pump and dump|leading women on by promising investment]] while they, but not the women in question, consider the relationship to be casual in nature ('friends with benefits'). <br />Thirdly, although prostitution is illegal in South Korea, the country apparently has a large sex trade, with 20 percent of men aged between 20-64 reportedly visiting prostitutes up to 4.5 times a month on average.<ref>https://theseoultimes.com/ST/?url=/ST/db/read.php?idx=260</ref> It is estimated that sex work contributes a greater portion of the GDP in South Korea than the agricultural sector (ibid). In light of the above information, it is likely that a lot of the casual sexual encounters reported by men in this survey are with prostitutes. | |||
The above data indicate that involuntary celibacy is mainly a problem found among younger men in South Korea, likely due to declines in the age of first marriage and widespread social disengagement driven by mental health issues, impoverishment, and a highly competitive society and economic system. South Korea's very competitive school system and society likely plays a substantial role in driven these phenomena, with men who cannot compete in such a large scale, advanced, and hyper demanding economy dropping out at an early age. In support of this, South Korea's strict education system does seem to play a large role in that countries high suicide rate.<ref>https://bpr.berkeley.edu/2017/10/31/the-scourge-of-south-korea-stress-and-suicide-in-korean-society/</ref> | |||
The fact that involuntary celibacy is concentrated in younger men may also be attributable to the fact that the sex gap in educational level has been rapidly shrinking or even reversing in South Korea, like in most other advanced economies.<ref>http://e-asianwomen.org/xml/00936/00936.pdf</ref> | |||
Several convergent threads of evidence in this study do indicate that female economic and status [[hypergamy]] or at least homogamy is a strong driver of involuntary celibacy in the ROK, even compared with the situation in the other countries listed in this article. | |||
As women seem to have a strong sexual preference for higher-status and financially provident men (especially when it comes to long-term relationships, and it does seem from this study that many women are still waiting for marriage to engage in sex in the ROK), a substantial portion of Korean men are likely falling below the minimum threshold of either that women generally require in their [[betabuxx|male partners]] for either trait, especially vis-à-vis women's increasing status in these realms. | |||
This and the fact that men greatly sexually prefer younger women likely play a role in driving male involuntary celibacy in the ROK. A large part of the sex gap in sex rates by age is likely explicable by Korean women marrying older men. Thus the competition among men for young fertile women in this country is most likely extremely intense, leaving young men who are uncompetitive in the dating market without a female partner. | |||
===United Kingdom=== | ===United Kingdom=== |
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