Homosexuality: Difference between revisions

== Prevalence and legitimacy ==

== Evolution ==

=== Dominant vs submissive ===

=== Other evolutionary hypotheses ===

* '''Self-domestication''': It has been suggested in recent human history, human males have been substantially selected to be nice to one another (domestication), with homosociality being one instance thereof and in which homosexuality serves as a means of bonding via intimacy.<ref>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02955/full</ref> This largely overlaps with the notion of alliances in Muscarella's theory.

* '''Helper in the nest''': This hypothesis claims that gay males tend to help in the household increasing the [[reproductive success]] of siblings,<ref name="ref42"></ref>, helping relatives to survive by allocating to them material resources, childcare, and protection being freed from the burden of caring for one's own offspring,<ref>Wilson, E. O. (1975). ''Sociobiology: The new synthesis.'' Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.</ref><ref>Wilson, E. O. (1978). ''On human nature.'' Cambridge,  MA:  Harvard University Press</ref> however homosexuals do not actually seem to exhibit more kinship behavior.<ref>https://www.researchgate.net/profile/J_Bailey2/publication/247233162_Is_male_homosexuality_maintained_via_kin_selection/links/5a09db03aca272d40f411b26/Is-male-homosexuality-maintained-via-kin-selection.pdf</ref> This also does not really explain bisexuality. Exclusive homosexuality is also rare, so this cannot be a strong selective pressure.

* '''Feminization advantage for female relatives''': Homosexuals presumably being more feminine may confer an increased fecundity in the females related to the homosexual (feminine) genes from (related to selection-mutation balance).

* '''Selection-mutation balance''': [[Mutation]]s occur naturally. Hence some number of males are expected to express androphilia, but sexual selection will rule out mutations over time as best as it can, but it cannot be ruled entirely as mutations are unpredictable and some amount of mutation is useful to adapt to environmental changes and outcompete other species, hence a balance between mutation and selection is maintained.

* '''Developmental disturbances''': Related to the previous point, homosexuality may be caused by environmental disturbances, which may act in the same or similar ways as genetic mutations, causing some males to express androphilia.<ref>https://psychology.wikia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_theory_of_homosexuality</ref>

== Homophobia ==

=== Inceldom and homophobia ===

=== Repressed homosexuality ===

=== Gay acceptance and homosocial intimacy ===

== Life history speed ==

== Statistics ==

* Male homosexuals had on average 56.9 partners, but male heterosexuals only 16.7.<ref>https://anepigone.blogspot.com/2017/11/mean-gay-sex.html</ref>

* In Australia, 25% of homosexuals have had more than 100 sex partners.<ref name="ref61">http://takimag.com/article/the_straight_dope_on_homosexuality_elizabeth_mccaw/print</ref>

* In an Australian national phone survey, 10-15% homosexuals reported >1000 sexual partners.<ref>https://www.jstor.org/stable/3813477</ref>

* In another Australia phone survey, 17% of gay men had >100 partners.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20130218135156/http://www.samesame.com.au/features/4407/Gay-Census-Lets-Talk-About-Sex.htm</ref>

* 25% gay men in America have had over 1000 sex partners.<ref name="ref56">http://www.amazon.com/Homosexualities-Study-Diversity-Among-Women/dp/0671251503</ref>

* 43% of gay men have over 500 partners.<ref name="ref56"></ref>

* Over 20% of older homosexuals have had more than 500 different sex partners.<ref name="ref58">http://advindicate.com/articles/3022</ref>

* 28% of homosexuals have had sex with over a thousand men. For straight men? Just 25% have had sex with more than 10 women.<ref name="ref58"></ref>

* The average gay man has several dozen sex partners per year.<ref name="ref58"></ref>

* Married homosexual men are 50% more likely than straight couples to divorce.<ref name="ref61"></ref>

* Homosexual relationships are often non-monogamous.<ref name="ref61"></ref>

* In the Netherlands, the average homosexual in a “steady relationship” has seven to eight affairs per year.<ref name="ref61"></ref>

* Most “long term relationships” between gay men last less than eight years.<ref name="ref58"></ref>

* Among gay Canadian men in “committed relationships, only 25% were monogamous.<ref name="ref58"></ref>

* In one study, only 9% of gay men were monogamous.<ref name="ref58"></ref>

* 75% of straight men an are faithful, compared to just 4.5% of gay men.<ref name="ref58"></ref>

* In Berlin, 83% of gay men in “steady” relationships had had frequent affairs in the last year.<ref name="ref58"></ref>

* Married lesbians are 2-3 times more likely to divorce than straight couples.<ref name="ref61"></ref>

* 79% of homosexual men say over half of their sex partners are strangers.<ref name="ref90">http://www.amazon.com/Unequal-Opportunity-Disparities-Affecting-Bisexual/dp/0195301536</ref>

* Infection rates for gonorrhea and chlamydia are increasing among active homosexual men.<ref name="ref97">http://www.americanthinker.com/articles/2015/12/the_gay_agenda_and_the_real_world.html</ref>

* Gay men, 1% of the population, account for 83% of syphilis cases.<ref name="ref97"></ref>

* Syphilis was almost eradicated, but made a comeback among homosexual men.<ref name="ref97"></ref>

* Active homosexual men are 17 times more likely than straight people to have anal cancer.<ref name="ref97"></ref>

* Gay men are 60x more likely to have HIV than straight men.<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3462414/</ref>

* One in eight gay men in London has HIV.<ref>http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2014/11/18/13-of-gay-and-bisexual-men-in-london-living-with-hiv/</ref>

* Gay men, who are 1.65% of the US population, account for 63% of the country’s syphilis cases.<ref name="ref61"></ref>

* In 2010, homosexuals were about 200 times more likely than everyone else to be diagnosed with HIV.<ref name="ref61"></ref>

* Gay men are 15 times more likely to have Hepatitis B than everyone else.<ref name="ref61"></ref>

* While comprising only 2% of the country, homosexuals account for over 67% of all new HIV diagnoses, the risk of becoming infected being ~100 times higher than the US average.<ref>https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/2012/hivincidencegraphics.html</ref>

* 66% of men and women who were homosexual change their orientation to heterosexual five years later.<ref name="fluid">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26048483</ref>

* 99.8% of lesbian, gay and bisexual teens will change their sexual orientation within 13 years.<ref name="fluid"></ref>

* Identifying as lesbian, gay or bisexual does not end sexual questioning or confusion.<ref name="ref73">http://psycnet.apa.org/books/11261/004</ref>

* 99.8% of lesbian, gay and bisexual teens will change their sexual orientation within 13 years.<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26048483</ref>

* Two-thirds of men and women who were homosexual change their orientation to heterosexual five years later.<ref name="ref73"></ref>

* Two thirds of self-identified lesbians later have heterosexual relationships.<ref name="ref73"></ref>

* 24%-90% of lesbians report being psychologically abused by their partners.<ref name="ref83">https://mainweb-v.musc.edu/vawprevention/lesbianrx/factsheet.shtml</ref><ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18396584</ref>

* Lesbians are twice as likely as straight women to be stalked or physically abused by their partners.<ref name="ref61"></ref>

* Homosexual men are more likely to have been abused by their partners than straight men.<ref name="ref61"></ref>

* Lesbians are twice as likely as straight women to be stalked or physically abused by their partners.<ref name="ref61"></ref>

* Between 24% and 90% of lesbians report being psychologically abused by their partners.<ref name="ref83"></ref>

* Homosexuals are more likely than straight people to have anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, and to commit suicide.<ref name="ref61"></ref>

* Gay men are six times more likely to commit suicide than straight men.<ref name="ref90"></ref>

* Gay men are 12x more likely to use amphetamines than straight men.<ref name="ref90"></ref>

* Gay men are 10x more likely to use heroin than straight men.<ref name="ref90"></ref>

* Gay people are 2-3x more likely to abuse alcohol than straight people.<ref name="ref90"></ref>

* Homosexuals are more likely to use illegal drugs and drink to excess than straight people.<ref name="ref61"></ref>

* Homosexuals, lesbians, and transsexuals are poorer than straight people.<ref name="ref61"></ref>

* Gay men are 10-15 times more likely than straight men to have eating disorders, are more likely to suffer from anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder and account for 63% of new syphilis cases.<ref name="ref61"></ref>

* Homosexuals have 39% greater odds of being left-handed", a marker for mutational load.<ref>https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10508-013-0175-0</ref>

* Lesbians are twice as likely as straight women to have eating disorders.<ref name="ref61"></ref>

* Gays are more likely than straight people to have mental illness.<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072932/</ref>

* Lesbians are 2.5x more likely than straight women to be obese.<ref name="ref61"></ref>

== References ==

== See also ==

* [[Homocel hypothesis]]

* [[Trans-vestigiality hypothesis]]