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===<span style="font-family:'Linux Libertine, Georgia, Times, serif'; font-size: 24px; line-height: 1.2; font-weight: normal;" id="It_is_normal_for_healthy_men_to_find_pubescent_.26_prepubescent_females_sexually_arousing">It is normal for healthy men to find pubescent & prepubescent females sexually arousing</span>=== | ===<span style="font-family:'Linux Libertine, Georgia, Times, serif'; font-size: 24px; line-height: 1.2; font-weight: normal;" id="It_is_normal_for_healthy_men_to_find_pubescent_.26_prepubescent_females_sexually_arousing">It is normal for healthy men to find pubescent & prepubescent females sexually arousing</span>=== | ||
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Scientific studies of male arousal are often done using phallometry (i.e measuring penile tumescence in response to the presented images), which allows objective measurement of the men's involuntary erections. Many studies have been done to assess what ages of females healthy | Scientific studies of male arousal are often done using phallometry (i.e measuring penile tumescence in response to the presented images), which allows objective measurement of the men's involuntary erections. Many studies have been done to assess what ages of females healthy non deviant men are aroused by. | ||
One of the first major studies on this subject (Freund and Costell, 1970) involved 48 healthy young men of average age 20 enrolled in compulsory military service with no prior history of any mental or physical problems. These men were wired for phallometry, pictures were shown to them of naked males and females of all ages, and their penile responses were recorded. Categories for ages of pictures were: children 4-10 yrs, adolescents 12-16 yrs, adults 17-36 yrs. | One of the first major studies on this subject (Freund and Costell, 1970) involved 48 healthy young men of average age 20 enrolled in compulsory military service with no prior history of any mental or physical problems. These men were wired for phallometry, pictures were shown to them of naked males and females of all ages, and their penile responses were recorded. Categories for ages of pictures were: children 4-10 yrs, adolescents 12-16 yrs, adults 17-36 yrs. | ||
The strongest penile response overall was to adult females. However, the response to adolescent females was almost exactly as strong as the response to adult females. Furthermore, 52-58% of healthy men experienced a positive penile response indicating arousal to female children. The control response to males of all ages was | The strongest penile response overall was to adult females. However, the response to adolescent females was almost exactly as strong as the response to adult females. Furthermore, 52-58% of healthy men experienced a positive penile response indicating some level of arousal to female children. The control response to males of all ages was low. | ||
This result has since been replicated many times over the following decades. The conclusion scientific researchers have drawn from this study and others is that it is | This result has since been replicated many times over the following decades. The conclusion scientific researchers involved in this field have drawn from this study and others is that it is not necessarily indicative of a paraphilia to be attracted to females under the legal age of consent, and indeed, such arousal is likely 'normal' to a degree. | ||
Similar results have been found by Hall (1995) who examined pedophilic stimuli among N = 80 men drawn from a community sample of volunteers | Similar results have been found by Hall (1995) who examined pedophilic stimuli among N = 80 men drawn from a community sample of volunteers recruited by newspaper advertisement. He found that 20% of men self-reported some level of sexual interest in pre-pubescent female children and 26.25% exhibited strong (equal or greater than their arousal to adult female erotic stimuli) objective penile arousal to sexual stimuli that was clearly stated as depicting pre-pubescent female children. | ||
All of the men in the study had reported prior sexual contact with adult women, and the authors of the study noted that sexual arousal to children was not necessarily predictive of actually going on to commit child sexual abuse, as prior research had demonstrated that a large amount of child molesters do not actually exhibit a "deviant" sexual arousal pattern whatsoever (in terms of being exclusively or equally attracted to children vs adult women), when monitored. | |||
Similarly, Becker-Blease et al. (2006) found in a sample of N = 531 undergraduate men that approximately 18% report fantasies about child sexual abuse and 8% have masturbated to these fantasies. | |||
<span style="font-size:125%">'''Discussion:'''</span> | <span style="font-size:125%">'''Discussion:'''</span> | ||
Many people in modern society will attempt to label any man who is sexually aroused by any female under | Many people in modern society will attempt to label any man who is sexually aroused by any female under the legal age of consent "a deviant." Scientifically, however, we can see there would be nothing deviant about any such arousal. It would in fact be completely normal. Whether any such arousal should be acted upon is a different subject altogether. Regardless, it can likely be agreed that vilifying men for simply possessing and acknowledging the natural, healthy sex drive they were born with is not helpful or productive. | ||
The attraction of males to [[neoteny]] may have to do with men's [[Scientific Blackpill (Supplemental)#Women_were_historically_predominantly_involved_in_cooking_and_they_never_dominated_men|natural provider role]]. Men want to minimize the risk of investing in other men's offspring (cuckoldry). Hence, they prefer juvenile, submissive and easily controllable females, resulting in women being selected for these traits. In fact, contrary to feminist anti-patriarchal views, this is not only men's preference. Historically, marriages were predominantly arranged by the parents and the marriage concerned questions of inheritance (cf. Apostolou 2019). Hence, entire families have an interest in choosing easily controllable women as partners for their male offspring and relatives. Cross-culturally, one can observe that both men and their mothers [[female subordination and submissiveness|heavily limit women's reproductive freedom]]. Gowaty (1992, 231-40) writes: | The attraction of males to [[neoteny]] may have to do with men's [[Scientific Blackpill (Supplemental)#Women_were_historically_predominantly_involved_in_cooking_and_they_never_dominated_men|natural provider role]]. Men want to minimize the risk of investing in other men's offspring (cuckoldry). Hence, they prefer juvenile, submissive and easily controllable females, resulting in women being selected for these traits. In fact, contrary to feminist anti-patriarchal views, this is not only men's preference. Historically, marriages were predominantly arranged by the parents and the marriage concerned questions of inheritance (cf. Apostolou 2019). Hence, entire families have an interest in choosing easily controllable women as partners for their male offspring and relatives. Cross-culturally, one can observe that both men and their mothers [[female subordination and submissiveness|heavily limit women's reproductive freedom]]. Gowaty (1992, 231-40) writes: | ||
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{{quote|There should be strong selection on males to control females' reproduction through direct coercive control of females […]. Evolutionary thinkers, whether informed by feminist ideas or not, are not surprised by one of the overwhelming facts of patriarchal cultures, namely that men […] seek to constrain and control the reproductive capacities of women […]. Juvenilization decreases the threat some men may feel when confronted with women; many men are comfortable around women whom they can clearly dominate and are profoundly uncomfortable around women whom they cannot so clearly dominate.}} | {{quote|There should be strong selection on males to control females' reproduction through direct coercive control of females […]. Evolutionary thinkers, whether informed by feminist ideas or not, are not surprised by one of the overwhelming facts of patriarchal cultures, namely that men […] seek to constrain and control the reproductive capacities of women […]. Juvenilization decreases the threat some men may feel when confronted with women; many men are comfortable around women whom they can clearly dominate and are profoundly uncomfortable around women whom they cannot so clearly dominate.}} | ||
There is substantial evidence that the default human reaction to traumatic experiences is resilience, even in cases such as child sexual abuse. Rind et al. (1998) could find no evidence for major adjustment issues in college students who had been subject to child sexual abuse. Heather et al. (2005) reexamined these results and confirmed that, "child sexual abuse accounted for only 1% of the variance in later psychological adjustment, whereas family environment accounted for 5.9% of the variance". | |||
These findings of these studies suggest the harm suffered by victims of child sexual abuse may be strongly overstated, and some have actually argued that it is possible that societal expectations of severe and irreparable harm being habitually caused by these acts may actually serve to hamper the recovery of victims of these acts. | |||
By summarizing this science, this wiki is not excusing the harm that is done to those who have experienced sexual abuse, or encouraging the commission of any illegal or immoral acts. | |||
<span style="font-size:125%">'''Figures:'''</span> | <span style="font-size:125%">'''Figures:'''</span> | ||
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* ''These patterns of arousal were replicated by both Frenzel and Lang (1989) and Blanchard, Lykins, et al. (2009). '' | * ''These patterns of arousal were replicated by both Frenzel and Lang (1989) and Blanchard, Lykins, et al. (2009). '' | ||
* ''This pattern has been termed the “classical control profile” (Frenzel & Lang, 1989).'' (Lykins et al. 2010) | * ''This pattern has been termed the “classical control profile” (Frenzel & Lang, 1989).'' (Lykins et al. 2010) | ||
* " | |||
<span style="font-size:125%">'''References:'''</span> | <span style="font-size:125%">'''References:'''</span> |
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