Homosexuality: Difference between revisions

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Homosexuality (edit)

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[[File:Vc.jpg|thumb|400px|right|Submissive vs dominant dichotomy]]
[[File:Vc.jpg|thumb|400px|right|Submissive vs dominant dichotomy]]
'''Homosexuality''' is the sexual attraction to the same sex. This article primarily discusses the dominance signaling aspect of homosocial and homosexual behavior, the low-status aspect of submissive homosexuality, and resulting intrasexual competition by accusations of gayness. It also discusses Muscarella's ''alliance formation hypothesis'' which claims incels can turn submissive homosexuals to form a sexual alliance with a higher status man to regain access to group resources and reproductive success, with the higher status male also gaining some benefits, including sexual pleasure and dominance signaling.
'''Homosexuality''' is the sexual attraction to the same sex. This article primarily discusses the dominance signaling aspect of homosocial and homosexual behavior, the low-status aspect of submissive homosexuality, and resulting intrasexual competition by accusations of gayness. It also discusses Muscarella's ''alliance formation hypothesis'' which claims incels can turn submissive homosexuals to form a sexual alliance with a higher status man to regain access to group resources and reproductive success,<ref>https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1300/J082v40n01_03</ref> with the higher status male also gaining some benefits, including sexual pleasure and dominance signaling.


This article only covers male homosexuality since lesbians seem to be of low significance for inceldom and society at large.<ref>Despite women being much more likely considered a victim group, the term "female homosexuality" is used way less than "male homosexuality". This suggests few people really care about lesbians. Anti-lesbian homophobia is much less prevalent and men find lesbians outright sexually arousing, which may stem from the fact that lesbians in a harm implies a lower risk of cuckoldry, hence men selected from it. https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=male+homosexual%2C+female+homosexual&year_start=1800&year_end=2000&corpus=15&smoothing=3&share=&direct_url=t1%3B%2Cmale%20homosexual%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cfemale%20homosexual%3B%2Cc0</ref>
This article only covers male homosexuality since lesbians seem to be of low significance for inceldom and society at large.<ref>Despite women being much more likely considered a victim group, the term "female homosexuality" is used way less than "male homosexuality". This suggests few people really care about lesbians. Anti-lesbian homophobia is much less prevalent and men find lesbians outright sexually arousing, which may stem from the fact that lesbians in a harm implies a lower risk of cuckoldry, hence men selected from it. https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=male+homosexual%2C+female+homosexual&year_start=1800&year_end=2000&corpus=15&smoothing=3&share=&direct_url=t1%3B%2Cmale%20homosexual%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cfemale%20homosexual%3B%2Cc0</ref>
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One other shape is the receptive and submissive homosexuality. In what Muscarella calls ''alliance formation hypothesis'', he suggested peripheralized men (incels) can establish social ties with horny men of higher social standing by homosociality and re-gain access to resources, and thus increase chances of [[reproductive success]] (see [[homocel hypothesis]]).<ref>https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1300/J082v40n01_03</ref>
One other shape is the receptive and submissive homosexuality. In what Muscarella calls ''alliance formation hypothesis'', he suggested peripheralized men (incels) can establish social ties with horny men of higher social standing by homosociality and re-gain access to resources, and thus increase chances of [[reproductive success]] (see [[homocel hypothesis]]).<ref>https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1300/J082v40n01_03</ref>


In both of these homosexual reproductive strategies, however, the penetree is associated with low status, and men can hence use accusations of gayness as means of intrasexual competition, which is curcial for reproductive success as access to women is negotiated by dominance competitions among men.
In both of these homosexual reproductive strategies, however, the penetree is associated with low status, and men can hence use accusations of gayness as means of intrasexual competition, which is crucial for reproductive success as access to women is negotiated by dominance competitions among men.
Omega males are of no use for betas, so betas exclude and bully them to foil any competitive threat that may arise<ref>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0886260515593546</ref> (see also [[Reproductive success#Violent_reproductive_strategies|violent reproductive strategies]]).
Omega males are of no use for betas, so betas exclude and bully them to foil any competitive threat that may arise<ref>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0886260515593546</ref> (see also [[Reproductive success#Violent_reproductive_strategies|violent reproductive strategies]]).
As a result, men of higher status, can use homosexual or homosocial acts, not only as act of intimidation, but also as dominance signaling as they risk being accused of gayness, but are confident in their ability to thwart such insults to their reputations. Their homosexual acts hence act as [[Signaling theory|costly signal]] of their social and heterosexual status.
As a result, men of higher status can use homosexual or homosocial acts, not only as act of intimidation, but also as dominance signaling as they risk being accused of gayness, but are confident in their ability to thwart such insults to their reputations. Their homosexual acts hence act as [[Signaling theory|costly signal]] of their social and heterosexual status. Evidence of homoerotic behavior as costly signals of high status and confident sexual status may be found, for example, in a study by Robison and Anderson from University of Winchester in which highly confident and masculine men (sport athletes) did engage in homosocial tactility.<ref>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1097184X17730386?journalCode=jmma</ref><ref>https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/entry/straight-men-cuddle-guys-study_n_5241953?ri18n=true&guccounter=2</ref>
Only a dominant man can afford to hold hands with other men in public without being accused of gayness (see [[#Gay_acceptance_and_homosocial_intimacy|gay acceptance and homosocial intimacy]]), or, alternatively, he would need to claim the status of a protected class and rely on shaming to survive socially.


To summarize, there are (at least) four conceivable pathways to increased reproductive success (RS) through homosexual behavior, explaining homosexuality as an evolved behavior: Direct dominance (RS for penetrator), alliance (RS for penetrator and penetree), intrasexual competition (RS for accuser), homosocialty as costly signal (RS for penetrator).
To summarize, there are (at least) four conceivable pathways to increased reproductive success (RS) through homosexual behavior, explaining homosexuality as an evolved behavior: Direct dominance (RS for penetrator), alliance (RS for penetrator and penetree), intrasexual competition (RS for accuser), homosocialty as costly signal (RS for penetrator).
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The entire notion of a fixed sexual identity has been questioned in a recent meta study, rather orientation changes over time and exists on a continuum and 98% of people primarily want sex with the opposite sex alongside some homosexual curiosity.<ref>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235906255_Physiological_Evidence_for_a_Mostly_Heterosexual_Orientation_Among_Men</ref>
The entire notion of a fixed sexual identity has been questioned in a recent meta study, rather orientation changes over time and exists on a continuum and 98% of people primarily want sex with the opposite sex alongside some homosexual curiosity.<ref>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235906255_Physiological_Evidence_for_a_Mostly_Heterosexual_Orientation_Among_Men</ref>
Gay men identifying as the bottom are more likely later in the birth order which so it may be related to weakness and mutational load.<ref>https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-017-0980-y</ref>
Gay men identifying as the bottom are more likely later in the birth order which so it may be related to weakness and mutational load.<ref>https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-017-0980-y</ref>
The penetratee can potentially regain access to resources also increasing his chances of [[reproductive success]] (alliance formation theory),<ref>https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1300/J082v40n01_03</ref> and the penetrator can signal dominance which is especially conductive to male reproductive success.
Evidence of homoerotic behavior as ''costly signals'' of high status and confident sexual status may be found, for example, in a study by Robison and Anderson from University of Winchester in which highly confident and masculine men (sport athletes) did engage in homosocial tactility.<ref>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1097184X17730386?journalCode=jmma</ref><ref>https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/entry/straight-men-cuddle-guys-study_n_5241953?ri18n=true&guccounter=2</ref>
Only a dominant man can afford to hold hands with other men in public without being accused of gayness (see [[#Gay_acceptance_and_homosocial_intimacy|gay acceptance and homosocial intimacy]]), or he would need to claim the status of a protected class and rely on shaming to survive socially.


=== Other hypotheses ===
=== Other hypotheses ===
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