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=== Looks are largely objective, especially ugly people's looks === | === Looks are largely objective, especially ugly people's looks === | ||
Humans universally prefer [[Beauty|good looking]] people and agree fairly consistently about who is attractive.<ref>Di Dio C, Macaluso E, Rizzolatti G (2007) The Golden Beauty: Brain Response to Classical and Renaissance Sculptures. PLoS ONE2(11): e1201. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001201</ref><ref>https://archive.is/tmkKW</ref><ref>Psychological Bulletin 2000, Vol. 126, No. 3, 390-423 DOI: 10.1037//0033-2909.126.3.390 | Humans universally prefer [[Beauty|good looking]] people and agree fairly consistently about who is attractive.<ref>Di Dio C, Macaluso E, Rizzolatti G (2007) The Golden Beauty: Brain Response to Classical and Renaissance Sculptures. PLoS ONE2(11): e1201. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001201</ref><ref>https://archive.is/tmkKW</ref><ref>Psychological Bulletin 2000, Vol. 126, No. 3, 390-423 DOI: 10.1037//0033-2909.126.3.390 | ||
</ref><ref>http://jonathanstray.com/papers/Langlois.pdf</ref><ref>https://www.springer.com/us/book/9783319178660</ref><ref>https://labs.la.utexas.edu/langloislab/files/2015/04/meta.pdf</ref> They agree more about the looks of very attractive and unattractive individuals, hence for them looks are more objective. | </ref><ref>http://jonathanstray.com/papers/Langlois.pdf</ref><ref>https://www.springer.com/us/book/9783319178660</ref><ref>https://labs.la.utexas.edu/langloislab/files/2015/04/meta.pdf</ref> They agree more about the looks of very attractive and unattractive individuals, hence for them looks are more objective.<ref>https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/0cb0/ad55235f09832dc9f28d1bbde9e86ea1a402.pdf</ref> | ||
People agree less about people of average attractiveness, so here individual preferences play a greater role. Even babies prefer attractive faces over non-attractive ones long before culture could have affected their preferences,<ref>https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn6355-babies-prefer-to-gaze-upon-beautiful-faces</ref><ref>http://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/releases/dev-dev0000734.pdf</ref> and even blind men have the same preferences about women's hourglas shape as sighted men.<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1090513809001093?via%3Dihub</ref> | |||
Also, among widely different cultures, universal standards for [[beauty]] exist<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3130383/</ref> and women almost universally prefer tall men to short men.<ref>https://research.similarminds.com/romantic-height-preferences-in-men-and-women/227</ref> | Also, among widely different cultures, universal standards for [[beauty]] exist<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3130383/</ref> and women almost universally prefer tall men to short men.<ref>https://research.similarminds.com/romantic-height-preferences-in-men-and-women/227</ref> | ||
Taken together, these research findings strongly suggest that the preference for [[beauty]] is largely innate, likely evolved by [[Fisherian runaway|sexual selection]], rather than by social construction. | Taken together, these research findings strongly suggest that the preference for [[beauty]] is largely innate, likely evolved by [[Fisherian runaway|sexual selection]], rather than by social construction. |