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Physiognomy: Difference between revisions
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Although you could argue that such predictive validity would still be unreliable on the individual level, it seems clear that people make judgments of this kind regularly in daily life. This natural tendency may imply some adaptive value to this behavior, as some have argued in the case of stereotypes.<ref>https://www.psychologytoday.com/au/blog/the-scientific-fundamentalist/200805/all-stereotypes-are-true-except-iii-beauty-is-only-skin</ref> Therefore, the natural human tendency to 'judge a book by its cover' may be evolutionarily hardwired. This tendency possibly helped ancestral man avoid potentially dangerous situations (or choose particularly suitable sexual partners or allies) in his evolutionary past. These cognitive heuristics based on superficial appearance could have promoted higher [[reproductive success]] for those who acted on them long enough that this judgmental tendency was bred into the human gene pool over time. | Although you could argue that such predictive validity would still be unreliable on the individual level, it seems clear that people make judgments of this kind regularly in daily life. This natural tendency may imply some adaptive value to this behavior, as some have argued in the case of stereotypes.<ref>https://www.psychologytoday.com/au/blog/the-scientific-fundamentalist/200805/all-stereotypes-are-true-except-iii-beauty-is-only-skin</ref> Therefore, the natural human tendency to 'judge a book by its cover' may be evolutionarily hardwired. This tendency possibly helped ancestral man avoid potentially dangerous situations (or choose particularly suitable sexual partners or allies) in his evolutionary past. These cognitive heuristics based on superficial appearance could have promoted higher [[reproductive success]] for those who acted on them long enough that this judgmental tendency was bred into the human gene pool over time. | ||
With the machine learning hype, physiognomic predictions have been increasingly discussed in the mainstream. The [[Asperger's syndrome|tech field]] has embraced physiognomy much more enthusiastically than social science researchers, with some even claiming they have developed algorithms that can detect terrorists and pedophiles above chance.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/innovations/wp/2016/05/24/terrorist-or-pedophile-this-start-up-says-it-can-out-secrets-by-analyzing-faces/</ref> However, it remains unclear whether this kind of software can produce above-chance results based on facial cues alone.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/jul/07/artificial-intelligence-can-tell-your-sexuality-politics-surveillance-paul-lewis</ref> | With the machine learning hype, physiognomic predictions have been increasingly discussed in the mainstream. The [[Asperger's syndrome|tech field]] has embraced physiognomy much more enthusiastically than social science researchers, with some even claiming they have developed algorithms that can detect terrorists and pedophiles above chance.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/innovations/wp/2016/05/24/terrorist-or-pedophile-this-start-up-says-it-can-out-secrets-by-analyzing-faces/</ref> However, it remains unclear whether this kind of software can truly produce above-chance results based on facial cues alone.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/jul/07/artificial-intelligence-can-tell-your-sexuality-politics-surveillance-paul-lewis</ref> | ||
==Self-fulfilling prophesy== | ==Self-fulfilling prophesy== | ||