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Female subordination: Difference between revisions
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A result is that males evolve to be taller and stronger in an evolutionary arms race. | A result is that males evolve to be taller and stronger in an evolutionary arms race. | ||
Critelli & Bivona (2008) further suggest that “the display of male dominance may function as a way for females to assess genetic quality and the ability to protect” ([[bodyguard hypothesis]]). Much of female nastiness, tantrums and childlike testing of boundaries may be driven by a wish to be met with coercion or even violent containment as an adaption to test the male. | Critelli & Bivona (2008) further suggest that “the display of male dominance may function as a way for females to assess genetic quality and the ability to protect” ([[bodyguard hypothesis]]). Much of female nastiness, tantrums and childlike testing of boundaries may be driven by a wish to be met with coercion or even violent containment as an adaption to test the male. | ||
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'''Resource dependence''': Besides the more ancient, fast [[life history]] adaptations mentioned above that derive from male competition in an unpredictable ecology, women have also developed a heavy dependence on men, also by virtue of more complex and costly socialization process of the offspring, in which women were traditionally much more involved in, as well as the highly costly and long pregnancy and a relatively risky birth due to the large human head that evolved as a result of the behavioral complexification due to sociocognitive competition. This dependence reaches back to hunter-gatherers. This dependency can to some extent also be observed in our closest primate relatives with the males sometimes sharing their food with their mate and their offspring.<ref name="mp">Mogielnicki C, Pearl K. 2020. ''Hominid sexual nature.'' [[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12064-020-00312-8 Article]]</ref> | |||
The amount of resources men provide is quite extreme compared to most animals and unique among primates, with men providing twice as much calories in hunter-gatherers than women and exclusively providing the more nutrient dense meat from hunting, which men used to get mating opportunities and invest into offspring and their mate ever since.<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016748701630277X</ref><ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1090513810000279</ref><ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Scientific_Blackpill_(Supplemental)#In_hunter-gatherers.2C_men_use_meat_to_obtain_mating_opportunities_and_to_invest_in_mates_and_offspring</ref> The importance of resources to women is apparent even in egalitarian societies such as the Ache and the Sharanahua, where the best hunters are able to attract the most sexual partners,<ref>https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/bbf7/77fbe21100d32ebd55a41b65de7151628235.pdf (Cashdan 1996)</ref> | |||
and also in modern societies, women disdain qualities in men that signal inability to accrue resources, such as lack of ambition (d = 1.38).<ref>https://www.researchgate.net/profile/David_Buss/publication/15471658_Psychological_Sex_Differences_Origins_Through_Sexual_Selection/links/0deec5181791b421a4000000.pdf</ref> | |||
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'''Reproductive advantage of female-directed violence''': Barbaro (2017) summarized that "evidence […] suggests that over evolutionary history men who employed [[rape|violence]] judiciously, on average, conferred replicative advantages compared with men who did not judiciously employ violence, in part, to control women’s sexuality."<ref>Barbaro N. 2017. ''Violence to Control Women’s Sexuality.'' In: Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, pp.1-6. [[https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_898-1 Abstract]]</ref> Since violent, oppressive males have a reproductive advantage, it is advantageous for women to be subordinated by such men. | '''Reproductive advantage of female-directed violence''': Barbaro (2017) summarized that "evidence […] suggests that over evolutionary history men who employed [[rape|violence]] judiciously, on average, conferred replicative advantages compared with men who did not judiciously employ violence, in part, to control women’s sexuality."<ref>Barbaro N. 2017. ''Violence to Control Women’s Sexuality.'' In: Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, pp.1-6. [[https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_898-1 Abstract]]</ref> Since violent, oppressive males have a reproductive advantage, it is advantageous for women to be subordinated by such men. | ||