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However, due to women's smaller cranium, mandible and nasal size, women's eyes are proportionally slightly larger.<ref>https://www.facebase.org/facial_norms/summary/index.html#maxfacewidth</ref> Especially the nose is responsible for this effect, being very close to the eyes and on average around 12% smaller in women with a very large effect size of about d = 2. But since human cognition operates only on relative sizes, not absolute sizes, larger eyes have presumably the same effect on male attractiveness ratings as proportionally smaller noses. | However, due to women's smaller cranium, mandible and nasal size, women's eyes are proportionally slightly larger.<ref>https://www.facebase.org/facial_norms/summary/index.html#maxfacewidth</ref> Especially the nose is responsible for this effect, being very close to the eyes and on average around 12% smaller in women with a very large effect size of about d = 2. But since human cognition operates only on relative sizes, not absolute sizes, larger eyes have presumably the same effect on male attractiveness ratings as proportionally smaller noses. | ||
Rather than size, the more more substantial sex difference regarding the eyes is that women's eyes are ''rounder'' (d = .66 in terms of width-to-height ratio, which is a moderate effect size), and have less rectangular eye fissures, while men's appear wider and more rectangular like [[hunter eyes]].<ref name="danel2020">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00265-020-02894-1</ref> | Rather than size, the more more substantial sex difference regarding the eyes is that women's eyes are ''rounder'' (d = .66 in terms of width-to-height ratio, which is a moderate effect size), and have less rectangular eye fissures, while men's appear wider and more rectangular like [[hunter eyes]].<ref name="danel2020">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00265-020-02894-1</ref> | ||
The other primary neotenous facial feature that women posess is their slightly underdeveloped lower-facial features, having around 10% lower facial depth (d = 2.0), i.e. a lower distance from the chin to the ears and less forward growth, owing to a shorter mandible, which is also narrower (d = 1.0).<ref>https://www.facebase.org/facial_norms/summary/#mandwidth</ref> The relationship between a small lower-facial features and men's attraction to it has also been empirically established cross-culturally.<ref name="jones95"></ref> | The other primary neotenous facial feature that women posess is their slightly underdeveloped lower-facial features, having around 10% lower facial depth (d = 2.0), i.e. a lower distance from the chin to the ears and less forward growth, owing to a shorter mandible, which is also narrower (d = 1.0).<ref>https://www.facebase.org/facial_norms/summary/#mandwidth</ref> The relationship between a small lower-facial features and men's attraction to it has also been empirically established cross-culturally.<ref name="jones95"></ref> Women's upper and lower lips are on average about 10% fuller (d = 1.0).<ref>https://www.facebase.org/facial_norms/summary/#uplipheight</ref> | ||
Behaviorally, women also exhibit neotenous traits, in particular their higher rate of adult crying, counting 4 times as many crying episodes per unit time,<ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Scientific_Blackpill_(Supplemental)#Women_cry_four_times_as_much_as_men_and_never_outgrow_teenage_crying_behavior</ref> with there less immediate evidence of women finding such behavior outright sexually attractive, compared to womens facial neotenous features. Women also behave more childishly interacting with their female friends, as evidenced by them being less cooperative and [[female sneakiness|sneaky]].<ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Scientific_Blackpill_(Supplemental)#tocTee-Hee</ref> | Behaviorally, women also exhibit neotenous traits, in particular their higher rate of adult crying, counting 4 times as many crying episodes per unit time,<ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Scientific_Blackpill_(Supplemental)#Women_cry_four_times_as_much_as_men_and_never_outgrow_teenage_crying_behavior</ref> with there less immediate evidence of women finding such behavior outright sexually attractive, compared to womens facial neotenous features. Women also behave more childishly interacting with their female friends, as evidenced by them being less cooperative and [[female sneakiness|sneaky]].<ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Scientific_Blackpill_(Supplemental)#tocTee-Hee</ref> | ||