Fisherian runaway: Difference between revisions

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Fisherian runaway (edit)

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Research into sexual selection and how it influences extinction is scarce, partly because fossils don't reveal much about gender, more or less animal behaviour.  But a few attempts have been done to study it systematically.  Reseracher Fernandes Martins did this for 93 ostracod species.  She found that those species where males were biggest relative to females went extinct 10x faster than species with smaller males relative to females.<ref>https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2018/04/males-penises-ostracods-extinction-sexual-selection/557756/</ref>
Research into sexual selection and how it influences extinction is scarce, partly because fossils don't reveal much about gender, more or less animal behaviour.  But a few attempts have been done to study it systematically.  Reseracher Fernandes Martins did this for 93 ostracod species.  She found that those species where males were biggest relative to females went extinct 10x faster than species with smaller males relative to females.<ref>https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2018/04/males-penises-ostracods-extinction-sexual-selection/557756/</ref>
===Humans===
Even though human females are more choosy in accordance to [[Bateman's principle]], both sexes are ornamented. Women have [[Boobs|permanently swollen breasts]],<ref>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2010.02.005</ref> an hour glass shaped body, long hair etc., men have a V-shaped upper body, more toned muscles, beards, very [[Scientific Blackpill#Women_most_prefer_penises_longer_than_84.8.25_of_all_men.27s|large penises]] compared to other great apes, and [[:Category:Aesthetics|various other features]].<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1090513810000279</ref> Both sexes have clearly defined [[Hairline|hairlines]] and very clear skin. None of these features have survival value besides being good looking, so they're likely sexually selected, likely mostly by aesthetic selection common to many higher animals,<ref>https://www.apa.org/monitor/oct06/pretty</ref> and possibly by feedback loops like Fisherian runaway and sensory bias,<ref>Fuller, R. C., Houle, D., & Travis, J. 2005. ''Sensory Bias as an Explanation for the Evolution of Mate Preferences.'' [[https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/444443 Abstract]]</ref> leading to exaggeration and strengthened sexual dimorphism.<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1090513810000279</ref> Though dominant and masculine features like [[hunter eyes]], large beards and a deep [[voice]] may also serve the intimidation of other males,<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1090513810000279</ref><ref>http://larspenke.eu/pdfs/Kordsmeyer_et_al_2018_-_Intra-_vs_intersexual_selection_on_human_males.pdf</ref>
but these adaptations in turn could be exaggerated again by runaway selection.
The fact that men have only reproduced half as often as women throughout human's evolution<ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Scientific_Blackpill#Before_.27enforced_monogamy.27.2C_women.27s_effective_population_size_was_up_to_17x_larger_than_men.27s</ref> suggests the most dominant men were primarily involved in selecting women's ornament.


== Female mate choice==
== Female mate choice==
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