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Asperger's syndrome: Difference between revisions
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==Advanced parental age and mutational load== | ==Advanced parental age and mutational load== | ||
Others have proposed evidence that the one of the major factors in the seeming increase in autism diagnoses in various populations around the world is increasing deleterious [[mutation|mutational load]] in the population, mediated by advanced paternal age and possibly by reductions in natural selection due to industrialization and modern medicine. Iossifov et al. (2015) found that 30% of cases of autism in simplex families (where only one immediate family member has the condition) arises from ''de novo' (novel) mutations, often transmitted from the mother.<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26401017/</ref><ref>https://www.simonsfoundation.org/2015/07/27/autism-risk-genes-success-with-the-simplex-approach/</ref> Taylor et al. found that simplex cases of autism were typically more problematic as compared to multiplex cases (multiple family members affected).<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1750946714002943</ref> Advanced parental age at birth also heightens the risk of ASD in offspring, with a possible mediating role of greater paternal age increasing the incidence of ''de novo' mutations leading to ASD in offspring.<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0890856719301261</ref> | Others have proposed evidence that the one of the major factors in the seeming increase in autism diagnoses in various populations around the world is increasing deleterious [[mutation|mutational load]] in the population, mediated by advanced paternal age and possibly by reductions in natural selection due to industrialization and modern medicine. Iossifov et al. (2015) found that 30% of cases of autism in simplex families (where only one immediate family member has the condition) arises from ''de novo'' (novel) mutations, often transmitted from the mother.<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26401017/</ref><ref>https://www.simonsfoundation.org/2015/07/27/autism-risk-genes-success-with-the-simplex-approach/</ref> Taylor et al. found that simplex cases of autism were typically more problematic as compared to multiplex cases (multiple family members affected).<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1750946714002943</ref> Advanced parental age at birth also heightens the risk of ASD in offspring, with a possible mediating role of greater paternal age increasing the incidence of ''de novo' mutations leading to ASD in offspring.<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0890856719301261</ref> | ||
Some researchers have claimed that the lessened prevalence of autism in women, rather than being explicable by the extreme male brain theory, may be due to an increased mutational load being required to contribute to the etiology of the condition in females.<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24581740</ref> This also implies that females who have the condition may exhibit stronger symptoms due to carrying more deleterious mutations than males with the condition. However, it is also claimed that the lesser female prevalence of the disorder may be due to higher-functioning female autists being more effective at 'masking' the socially disruptive symptoms of the condition.<ref>https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/females-are-genetically-protected-from-autism/</ref> | Some researchers have claimed that the lessened prevalence of autism in women, rather than being explicable by the extreme male brain theory, may be due to an increased mutational load being required to contribute to the etiology of the condition in females.<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24581740</ref> This also implies that females who have the condition may exhibit stronger symptoms due to carrying more deleterious mutations than males with the condition. However, it is also claimed that the lesser female prevalence of the disorder may be due to higher-functioning female autists being more effective at 'masking' the socially disruptive symptoms of the condition.<ref>https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/females-are-genetically-protected-from-autism/</ref> | ||