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Sexual conflict: Difference between revisions
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→Examples of sexual conflict in humans
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* From the point of view of women, fitness is optimized if the mate cares for the young thus freeing resources (e.g., time and energy) that can be invested in additional offspring. | * From the point of view of women, fitness is optimized if the mate cares for the young thus freeing resources (e.g., time and energy) that can be invested in additional offspring. | ||
* In polygynous mating systems, sexual conflict means the optimization of male reproductive success by having mated with multiple females although reproductive success of a polygynously mated female is reduced.<ref>https://academic.oup.com/beheco/article/19/2/456/214088</ref> Men seek extra-pair copulations (affairs) because they can scatter their seeds, but this is at odds with women fitness as they depend on men's resources, hence women seek men who invest in them (by attracting them with a reputation of faithfulness and looks). Only in case of very good looking men, women's desire for investment is set off by the promise for the genes for good looking offspring ([[sexy sons hypothesis]]). | |||
* In polygynous mating systems, sexual conflict means the optimization of male reproductive success by having mated with multiple females although reproductive success of a polygynously mated female is reduced.<ref>https://academic.oup.com/beheco/article/19/2/456/214088</ref> | |||
Men seek extra-pair copulations (affairs) because they can scatter their seeds, but this is at odds with women fitness as they depend on men's resources, hence women seek men who invest in them (by attracting them with a reputation of faithfulness and looks). Only in case of very good looking men, women's desire for investment is set off by the promise for the genes for good looking offspring ([[sexy sons hypothesis]]). | |||
* Women can conspicuously display their secondary sexual characteristics which have possibly evolved from [[Fisherian runaway|positive feedback]] in [[sexual selection]]. Thereby women can hope to acquire a higher quality man. This is why most women crave sexual attention. Men however, dislike when their partner whores for attention because it increases the risk of being cuckolded. But not just men dislike it. Historically, marriages were predominantly arranged and marriage was a question of passing on family wealth, hence the entire family had an interest for women to be faithful to avoid spending their resources on some other man's offspring. This is likely one reason why women have been heavily controlled and sequestered away in many cultures, not only by the men, but also the man's parents.<ref>https://quillette.com/2018/11/25/on-the-nature-of-patriarchy/</ref><ref>http://www.femininebeauty.info/suppression.pdf</ref><ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S109051381730363X</ref> So there is a sexual conflict between families and women conspicuously advertising themselves. | * Women can conspicuously display their secondary sexual characteristics which have possibly evolved from [[Fisherian runaway|positive feedback]] in [[sexual selection]]. Thereby women can hope to acquire a higher quality man. This is why most women crave sexual attention. Men however, dislike when their partner whores for attention because it increases the risk of being cuckolded. But not just men dislike it. Historically, marriages were predominantly arranged and marriage was a question of passing on family wealth, hence the entire family had an interest for women to be faithful to avoid spending their resources on some other man's offspring. This is likely one reason why women have been heavily controlled and sequestered away in many cultures, not only by the men, but also the man's parents.<ref>https://quillette.com/2018/11/25/on-the-nature-of-patriarchy/</ref><ref>http://www.femininebeauty.info/suppression.pdf</ref><ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S109051381730363X</ref> So there is a sexual conflict between families and women conspicuously advertising themselves. | ||
* The [[feminine imperative]] is a collection of adaptations that allow women to maximize their fitness, often at the cost of men's fitness. | * The [[feminine imperative]] is a collection of adaptations that allow women to maximize their fitness, often at the cost of men's fitness. | ||