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→Evolution of beauty
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= Evolution of beauty == | |||
Animal's preference for objective beauty as geometrical simplicity is likely only a fluke of evolution and only preferred because simple shapes are easy to process, resulting from the (actual useful) preference to create order and predictability.<ref>https://www.apa.org/monitor/oct06/pretty</ref> | Animal's preference for objective beauty as geometrical simplicity is likely only a fluke of evolution and only preferred because simple shapes are easy to process, resulting from the (actual useful) preference to create order and predictability.<ref>https://www.apa.org/monitor/oct06/pretty</ref> | ||
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Attraction to sexually dimorphic beauty also increases fitness because seeking out the opposite sex is conductive for reproduction. | Attraction to sexually dimorphic beauty also increases fitness because seeking out the opposite sex is conductive for reproduction. | ||
Complex ornament and | Complex ornament and "few millimeters of bone", however, likely cannot entirely be explained by mathematical simplicity because they are unnecessary specific and complex. The simplest nose shape would be simply two nostrils as found in some apes. A flat chest is simpler than one with permanently swollen breasts. Even more obviously, the peacock tail is unnecessarily complex. | ||
Several explanations can be provided for these shapes: Either there are functional constraints<ref>Price T, Langen T. 1992. ''Evolution of correlated characters.'' [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21236041 Abstract]]</ref> preventing a simpler shape, | Several explanations can be provided for these shapes: Either there are functional constraints<ref>Price T, Langen T. 1992. ''Evolution of correlated characters.'' [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21236041 Abstract]]</ref> preventing a simpler shape, | ||
or these shapes are an honest signal of e.g. health, mutational load and intelligence, can thus signal ''good genes'' overall, | or these shapes are an honest signal of e.g. health, mutational load and intelligence, can thus signal ''good genes'' overall, | ||
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Such feedback loops can explain the ''immense sexual attraction'' to superficial traits that humans exhibit, which have barely any relevance for survival except "social survival". | Such feedback loops can explain the ''immense sexual attraction'' to superficial traits that humans exhibit, which have barely any relevance for survival except "social survival". | ||
The two opposing views the ''Good Geners'' vs ''Fisherians'' lead to significant academic rivalry since the 1990s, but the good genes hypotheses has largely been refuted since.<ref>https://www.the-scientist.com/features/a-fluctuating-reality-46903</ | The two opposing views the ''Good Geners'' vs ''Fisherians'' lead to significant academic rivalry since the 1990s, but the good genes hypotheses has largely been refuted since.<ref>https://www.the-scientist.com/features/a-fluctuating-reality-46903<br />https://www.amazon.com/Evolution-Beauty-Darwins-Forgotten-Theory/dp/0385537212<br />https://psyarxiv.com/2avu3/<br />http://doi.org/10.1177/1474704918800063<br />https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1071721/<br />http://rsos.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/4/1/160603<br />https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2014.06.004<br />http://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2018.06.003<br />http://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2013.08.029<br />https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_human_intelligence#Sexual_selection<br />https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4415372/<br />https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4757567/</ref> | ||
The relation between beauty to health and ability is only relevant for extreme cases like disfigurement, certain syndromes and skin rashes and the like. | The relation between beauty to health and ability is only relevant for extreme cases like disfigurement, certain syndromes and skin rashes and the like. | ||
Sexually dimorphic beauty and health are only weakly related when disregarding these extremes,<ref>Scientific_Blackpill#Attractive_people_are_perceived_much_more_positively_than_they_really_are</ref> but slight fitness advantages could have also initiated feedback loops in sexual selection in this case. | Sexually dimorphic beauty and health are only weakly related when disregarding these extremes,<ref>Scientific_Blackpill#Attractive_people_are_perceived_much_more_positively_than_they_really_are</ref> but slight fitness advantages could have also initiated feedback loops in sexual selection in this case. | ||