Beauty: Difference between revisions

# '''Objective beauty''' (See also: [[:Category:Aesthetics]])

## '''Sexually dimorphic beauty''' which includes seemingly arbitrary and exaggerated body shapes, such as large female breasts or male penises, highly specific shapes of noses (e.g. upturned nose in females), i.e. [[Millimeters of bone|few millimeters of bone]], dimples on back or cheeks, and also complex coloration patterns in birds. These kinds of beauty often cannot fully be explained by simplicity because they have seemingly unnecessary specificity or complexity. Either there are functional constraints or correlated characters<ref>Price T, Langen T. 1992. ''Evolution of correlated characters.'' [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21236041 Abstract]]</ref> preventing a simpler shape, or [[Fisherian runaway|runaway sexual selection]] resulted in arbitrary shapes becoming sexually attractive. The relation to health only seems to be relevant for extreme cases like disfigurement, certain syndromes and contagious skin rashes and the like. Sexually dimorphic beauty and health are rather unrelated when disregarding these extremes,<ref>Scientific_Blackpill#Attractive_people_are_perceived_much_more_positively_than_they_really_are</ref> but slight fitness advantages could have still initiated runaway sexual selection which then lead to a narrowing and strengthening of mate preferences and their corresponding sexually dimorphic features. There are racial differences in sexually dimorphic beauty which may explain racist emotions to some extent because subtle facial dissimilarities may violate the sensitive criteria that have evolved divergently in each race in sexual feedback loops, causing us to perceive other races as ugly.

# '''Subjective beauty''': Individual preferences resulting from individual emotional experiences or variance in development of neuronal circuitry for inherited sexual preferences regarding objective beauty (see above) at individual level.  

In higher animals, objective beauty has likely mostly evolved by a preference for simplicity (aesthetic sexual selection), i.e. members of a species tend to choose objectively/mathematically beautiful mates and hence species evolved to be beautiful and beauty became an important factor of attraction. This was possibly reinforced, narrowed and ''overcomplicated'' by feedback loops such as [[Fisherian runaway]] or ''sensory bias''.<ref>Fuller, R. C., Houle, D., & Travis, J. 2005. ''Sensory Bias as an Explanation for the Evolution of Mate Preferences.'' [[https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/444443 Abstract]]</ref> Contrary to [[social constructionism]], beauty is actually [[Scientific_Blackpill#Beauty_is_objective_and_measurable_in_the_brain|mostly objective]], which is [[Scientific_Blackpill#People_broadly_agree_on_who_is_good_looking_or_not.2C_and_it_affects_every_aspect_of_life|especially true]] for [[truecels|very physically unattractive people]].  Physical attractiveness as rated by others moderately predicts romantic attraction to roughly the same degree in men and women.<ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Blackpill#cite_note-30</ref>

Not just looks, but also behavior can be beautiful and sexually attractive, such as facial expressiveness, [[physiognomy]], as well as tone and clarity of voice. Attractive behavior has elegance, confidence, poise and wit. The opposite is awkwardness, lethargy, stuttering, violation of norms, autism, inappropriate laughter, delayed response etc. Aesthetic sexual selection possibly played a role in the evolution of these behaviors. E.g. in some bird, fish and other species one can observe animals (especially male ones) competing in performance of complex behaviors (courtship display), which ranges from courtship dances<ref>https://www.mnn.com/earth-matters/animals/stories/10-bizarre-beautiful-bird-courtship-dances</ref> to construction of aesthetically pleasing nest formations.<ref>Matsuura K. 2014. ''A new pufferfish of the genus ''Torquigener'' that builds "mystery circles" on sandy bottoms in the Ryukyu Islands, Japan (Actinopterygii: Tetraodontiformes: Tetraodontidae)''. Ichthyological Research. Vol 62.2, pp. 207–212. [[http://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-014-0428-5</ref>

== See also ==