Dominance hierarchies: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search

Dominance hierarchies (edit)

Revision as of 12:56, 5 October 2019

160 bytes added ,  5 October 2019
→‎Status signals in humans
Line 26: Line 26:
== Status signals in humans ==
== Status signals in humans ==


=== Erectness of statue ===
=== Erectness of posture ===
Grade received after an exam influences erectness of posture (r = .6 to .8) and people intuitively infer dominance from erectness of posture. (Erectness before the exam does not affect the grade.)<ref>https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00992459</ref>
The grade received after an exam influences erectness of posture (r = .6 to .8) and people intuitively infer dominance from erectness of posture. (Erectness before the exam does not affect the grade.)<ref>https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00992459</ref>


=== Confidence and force ===
=== Confidence and force ===
Ten months old toddlers are able to infer dominance relations between simple geometric objects by observing relative confidence and forcefulness in the object's movements.<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21273490</ref>
Ten months old toddlers are able to infer dominance relations between simple geometric objects by observing relative confidence and forcefulness in the object's movements.<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21273490</ref>
=== Eye contact ===
=== Eye contact ===
Another simple measure of dominance is the Visual Dominance Ratio defined as VDR = (% eye contact while speaking) / (% eye contact while listening).
 
Another simple dominance signal is eye contact. More dominant people keep eye contact when they speak, and more dominant people look away when someone else speaks.
 
This can be measured by the Visual Dominance Ratio defined as VDR = (% eye contact while speaking) / (% eye contact while listening).
Dominance positively correlates with eye contact during speaking and negatively with eye contact during listening.
Dominance positively correlates with eye contact during speaking and negatively with eye contact during listening.
The VDR cancels out differences in individual propensity for holding eye contact and combines both in one number.<ref>https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4684-2835-3_2</ref><ref>https://doi.org/10.2307/3033735</ref>
Dividing the two terms cancels out differences in individual propensity for holding eye contact and combines both in one number.<ref>https://books.google.com/books/about/Subliminal.html?id=V7wt3Sqj_X8C</ref>


{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ VDR ratio of various speaking and listening groups
|+ Examples for VDR ratio
|-
|-
! Speakers
! A
! Listeners
! B
! VDR
! VDR of A
|-
|-
| ROTC officies
| ROTC officer
| ROTC cadets
| ROTC cadet
| 1.06
| 1.06
|-
|-
| ROTC cadets
| ROTC cadet
| ROTC officies
| ROTC officer
| 0.61
| 0.61
|-
|-
| psychology undergrads
| psychology undergrad
| low-achieving high school seniors
| low-achieving high school senior
| 0.92
| 0.92
|-
|-
| psychology undergrads
| psychology undergrad
| college chemistry honor students
| college chemistry honor student
| 0.59
| 0.59
|-
|-
| expert men (speaking about their own field)
| expert man (speaking about their own field)
| non-expert women
| non-expert woman
| 0.98
| 0.98
|-
|-
| expert man (speaking abou the listener's field)
| expert man (speaking about the listener's field)
| expert women
| expert woman
| 0.61
| 0.61
|-
|-
| expert women
| expert woman
| non-expert men
| non-expert man
| 1.04
| 1.04
|-
|-
| non-expert women
| non-expert woman
| expert men
| expert man
| 0.54
| 0.54
|}
|}
As one can see, in cases of a more dominant individual speaking,


=== Smiling ===
=== Smiling ===
Bibipi
Trusted, Automoderated users
17,538

edits

Retrieved from "https://incels.wiki/w/Special:MobileDiff/27735"

Navigation menu