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The network of online communities, vlogs and blogs where [[incelospherian]]s and [[cybercel]]s gather | The network of online communities, vlogs and blogs where [[incelospherian]]s and [[cybercel]]s gather called the '''incelosphere''', is mostly confined to forums and Youtube. [[Abtreffer]]s are arguably the most sophisticated community in the incelosphere. Among the most distinctive aspects of the incelosphere is the sheer amount of protologists and neologists who coin new words. The mere existence of the incelosphere has helped a lot of [[truecel|truecels]] overcome their depression, purely out of the knowledge that they're not alone, and that there are other truecels out there like themselves. There are scores, or perhaps even hundreds of vlogging channels, websites, and forums in the incelosphere. | ||
This article discusses both the history of online spaces frequented by [[incel]]s as well as forms of media that imbricate on this phenomenon. | This article discusses both the history of online spaces frequented by [[incel]]s as well as forms of media that imbricate on this phenomenon. | ||
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===Background=== | ===Background=== | ||
The term 'involuntarily celibate' had been used in literature prior to the internet, and sometimes, but rarely used in a semi-academic way. It wouldn't be | The term 'involuntarily celibate' had been used in literature prior to the internet, and sometimes, but rarely used in a semi-academic way. It wouldn't be until the internet era that the term entered academia. Prior to the internet, the term, "involuntary celibate", was used in literature, including but not limited to, ''[[Antoine Banier|The Mythology and Fables of the Ancients, Explain'd from History, Volume 3]]'' in 1739, ''Family Herald Magazine'' in 1876, ''Virginia'' by Ellen Glasgow in 1913, ''The Building'' by Peter Martin in 1960, in detail in ''[[Blueprint for a Higher Civilization]]'' by [[Henry Flynt]] in 1975, ''Law and Liberation'' by Robert E. Rhodes in 1986, ''Criminal Tendencies'' by William O'Rourke in 1987, ''Human Sexuality: the search for understanding'' by David Knox in 1984, and ''Understanding Sexuality'' by Adelaide Haas and Kurt Haas in 1990. While never directly using the verbatim terms, "involuntarily celibate" or "incel," famous French author [[Michel Houellebecq]] has written about the topic vicariously through his many fictional works about [[involuntarily celibate]] and layless men. | ||
Some notable pre-internet people who were arguably incelibates include [[Ludwig van Beethoven]] who suffered serial rejection at the hands of women, [[Emily Dickinson]] who suffered from agoraphobia, [[Joseph Merrick]] aka the Elephant Man who suffered from severe face and body deformities, artist [[Van Gogh]] who was perpetually rejected and eventually pursued a [[relationship]] with a hooker, [[Van Gogh]]'s famous painter [[manlet]] friend [[Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec]] was severely mocked for being a [[manlet]] and eventually just chose to live in the brothel he frequented, [[Friedrich Nietzsche]] who was famously rebuffed by every woman he approached and died from an STD he contracted from a hooker, [[G. H. Hardy]] a famous mathematician who couldn't bear looking at himself in the mirror and never held steady [[relationship]]s with women, bisexual actor [[Anthony Perkins]] who for most of his life had a pathological fear of women remaining a virgin (at least to women) at age 39, [[Ed Gein]] who Perkins had played in the movie Psycho was terrified of human contact and probably died a virgin, and English recording artist [[Nick Drake]] who suffered from extreme shyness of women<ref>https://pleasekillme.com/remembering-nick-drake/</ref> and in all likelihood died a virgin (according to most analyses). Famous folk-pop singer and pianist [[Daniel Johnston]] is also a well-known incelibate. He was diagnosed with severe schizophrenia, and his songs detail his life in and out of mental hospitals, and | Some notable pre-internet people who were arguably incelibates include [[Ludwig van Beethoven]] who suffered serial rejection at the hands of women, [[Emily Dickinson]] who suffered from agoraphobia, [[Joseph Merrick]] aka the Elephant Man who suffered from severe face and body deformities, artist [[Van Gogh]] who was perpetually rejected and eventually pursued a [[relationship]] with a hooker, [[Van Gogh]]'s famous painter [[manlet]] friend [[Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec]] was severely mocked for being a [[manlet]] and eventually just chose to live in the brothel he frequented, [[Friedrich Nietzsche]] who was famously rebuffed by every woman he approached and died from an STD he contracted from a hooker, [[G. H. Hardy]] a famous mathematician who couldn't bear looking at himself in the mirror and never held steady [[relationship]]s with women, bisexual actor [[Anthony Perkins]] who for most of his life had a pathological fear of women remaining a virgin (at least to women) at age 39, [[Ed Gein]] who Perkins had played in the movie Psycho was terrified of human contact and probably died a virgin, and English recording artist [[Nick Drake]] who suffered from extreme shyness of women<ref>https://pleasekillme.com/remembering-nick-drake/</ref> and in all likelihood died a virgin (according to most analyses). Famous folk-pop singer and pianist [[Daniel Johnston]] is also a well-known incelibate. He was diagnosed with severe schizophrenia, and his songs detail his life in and out of mental hospitals, and debilitating unrequited love for various women. He may be the only famous modern pop musician to be an incelibate. | ||
===1980s=== | ===1980s=== | ||
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At the arrival of the 1990s, the only platform in the incelosphere was the [[Alt.support.shyness]] newsgroup which was created two years prior in 1988{{citation needed}}. | At the arrival of the 1990s, the only platform in the incelosphere was the [[Alt.support.shyness]] newsgroup which was created two years prior in 1988{{citation needed}}. | ||
The founder of the particular strain of seduction techniques that we know today as modern [[MPUA|pick-up-artistry]] was [[Ross Jeffries]]. He published "How to Get the Women You Desire Into Bed" in 1992, which argued against [[nice guy]] | The founder of the particular strain of seduction techniques that we know today as modern [[MPUA|pick-up-artistry]] was [[Ross Jeffries]]. He published "How to Get the Women You Desire Into Bed" in 1992, which argued against [[nice guy]] behavior. The [[alt.seduction.fast]] Usenet newsgroup was founded by Lewis De Payne, a student of [[Ross Jeffries]] in 1994. In the same year, [[Michel Houellebecq]] published his first novel, "[[Whatever]]", which frankly discussed sexual stratification and pauperization. | ||
In 1992 the [[Netherland Government's Model for Combatting Inceldom|Netherland government decided to fully reimburse disabled citizens for legal visits to hookers]], effectively making sex a human right in the Netherlands | In 1992 the [[Netherland Government's Model for Combatting Inceldom|Netherland government decided to fully reimburse disabled citizens for legal visits to hookers]], effectively making sex a human right in the Netherlands | ||
Although the term "incel" did exist in the late-90s, the most common term in the incelosphere used to refer to [[involuntarily celibate]] people in the 90s was, "socially anxious men" | Although the term "incel" did exist in the late-90s, the most common term in the incelosphere used to refer to [[involuntarily celibate]] people in the 90s was, "socially anxious men," on the [[alt.support.shyness]] Usenet Group and "AFC" meaning "average frustrated chump" on the [[alt.seduction.fast]] (ASF) Usenet newsgroup. [[Alana's Involuntary Celibacy Project]] abbreviated the word [[incel]] in 1997 which was initially coined by [[Antoine Banier]] which eventually cultivated into academic research on incels. This research was published and is colloquially known as the [[Donnelly Study]] referring to its main sociologist [[Denise Donnelly]]. The terms "incel" and involuntary celibate" subsequently became valid sociological terms. A mailing list (forum) was created on the Project's site in 1997, the first official incel forum. In 1998, members of [[alt.support.shyness]] were invited, helping to populate the mailing list. Alana's mailing list was a [[feminist]] forum, and Alana had created the first incel forum as a lesbian with [[dating]] experience. Alana stopped maintaining the forum around 2003. | ||
A year after [[Alana|Alana's first incel forum]], in 1998, the first online German incel community, [[Parsimonyforum 3708]] of the [[Absolute Beginners]], was established.<ref>https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=en&rurl=translate.google.co.uk&sl=de&sp=nmt4&tl=en&u=https://wiki.abtreff.de/archive/index.php%253Ftitle%3DHistorie.html&xid=17259,15700022,15700124,15700149,15700186,15700190,15700201,15700214&usg=ALkJrhhzVfHdI_o1SzzjjtagKVbEFA_C7w</ref> In 1999, Laurence Fishburne whilst starring as Morpheus in the film The Matrix, narrates the line "You take the [[blue pill]], the story ends here, you wake up and believe whatever you want to believe. You take the [[red pill]] ... and I'll show you just how deep the rabbit hole goes." This quote subsequently becomes eulogized with "[[blue pill]]" and "[[red pill]]" eventually becoming eponyms for entire philosophies in the incelosphere as well as adjacent communities. | A year after [[Alana|Alana's first incel forum]], in 1998, the first online German incel community, [[Parsimonyforum 3708]] of the [[Absolute Beginners]], was established.<ref>https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=en&rurl=translate.google.co.uk&sl=de&sp=nmt4&tl=en&u=https://wiki.abtreff.de/archive/index.php%253Ftitle%3DHistorie.html&xid=17259,15700022,15700124,15700149,15700186,15700190,15700201,15700214&usg=ALkJrhhzVfHdI_o1SzzjjtagKVbEFA_C7w</ref> In 1999, Laurence Fishburne whilst starring as Morpheus in the film The Matrix, narrates the line "You take the [[blue pill]], the story ends here, you wake up and believe whatever you want to believe. You take the [[red pill]] ... and I'll show you just how deep the rabbit hole goes." This quote subsequently becomes eulogized with "[[blue pill]]" and "[[red pill]]" eventually becoming eponyms for entire philosophies in the incelosphere as well as adjacent communities. | ||
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In 2000, [[Beate Küpper]], wrote a psychology dissertation called, "[[Sind Singles anders als die anderen? : ein Vergleich von Singles und Paaren|Are singles different from the others?: a comparison of singles and couples]]", exploring the causes of, "involuntary singles", as opposed to, "voluntary singles".<ref>http://www-brs.ub.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/netahtml/HSS/Diss/KuepperBeate/</ref> In 2002, she later publishes the book called, "[[:Sind Singles anders? (2002). Ein Vergleich von Singles und Paaren Reihe: Brennpunkte der Persönlichkeitsforschung|Are singles different? A Comparison of Singles and Couples Series: Focal Points of Personality.]]<ref>http://www.single-generation.de/wissenschaft/beate_kuepper.htm</ref> | In 2000, [[Beate Küpper]], wrote a psychology dissertation called, "[[Sind Singles anders als die anderen? : ein Vergleich von Singles und Paaren|Are singles different from the others?: a comparison of singles and couples]]", exploring the causes of, "involuntary singles", as opposed to, "voluntary singles".<ref>http://www-brs.ub.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/netahtml/HSS/Diss/KuepperBeate/</ref> In 2002, she later publishes the book called, "[[:Sind Singles anders? (2002). Ein Vergleich von Singles und Paaren Reihe: Brennpunkte der Persönlichkeitsforschung|Are singles different? A Comparison of Singles and Couples Series: Focal Points of Personality.]]<ref>http://www.single-generation.de/wissenschaft/beate_kuepper.htm</ref> | ||
In 2000, a charity for [[disabledcel]]s is launched called [[TLC Trust]] along with a website. The Yahoo [[support group]] [[/groups/loveshy-drgilmartin]] was created in 2002. In 2003, [[Love-shy dot com|love-shy.com]] started as an anonymous board before it switched to non- | In 2000, a charity for [[disabledcel]]s is launched called [[TLC Trust]] along with a website. The Yahoo [[support group]] [[/groups/loveshy-drgilmartin]] was created in 2002. In 2003, [[Love-shy dot com|love-shy.com]] started as an anonymous board before it switched to non-anonymous a couple years later. In 2004, the first-ever female-centric community of the incelosphere was created on Yahoo with [[/groups/loveshy-women]]. The Japanese inspired image-board [[4chan]] also started this year as an anonymous community. In 2004, Alana's former community moved to a new forum called [[Incelsite]], and it was then rebranded to [[IncelSupport]] in 2006 and hopped across at least three different domain names. In 2004, Tectum Verlag, a German scientific book publisher publishes [[Olaf Wickenhöfer|Olaf Wickenhöfer's]] study of, "involuntary single[s]", called, "[[Unfreiwillig Single: Eine Studie zur Sozialisationsgeschichte und kulturellen Alltagspraxis]]", citing [[Denise Donnelly]], [[Brian Gilmartin]], and [[Beate Küpper|Beate Küpper]], as well as his own study.<ref>http://www.single-generation.de/single-kultur/olaf_wickenhoefer.htm</ref> In 2006, [[Arne Hoffmann]] publishes a book called, [[Unberührt|"Untouched", or, "Unberührt"]], chronicling the stories of 11 incels, as well as reviewing the available literature on the subject and publishing new essays on the subject of inceldom.<ref>http://www.single-generation.de/single-kultur/arne_hoffmann.htm#unberuehrt</ref> In 2006, the Japanese Marxist [[incelospherian]] group [[Kakuhido]] emerged, doing public protests of Christmas, Valentine's Day, and White Day all that same year. In 2007, the first website of the [[French incelosphere]] is founded, [[Virginite-tardive.fr]], which is entirely in the French language. | ||
In 2008, 4chan's [[r9k]] board appeared, a [[hikikomori]] board that never self-identified as incel, but male hikikomoris are generally involuntarily celibate. Since 2008, [[r9k]] defined most of what media as of 2018 refers to as "incel subculture" | In 2008, 4chan's [[r9k]] board appeared, a [[hikikomori]] board that never self-identified as incel, but male hikikomoris are generally involuntarily celibate. Since 2008, [[r9k]] defined most of what media as of 2018 refers to as "incel subculture." Also, in 2008, the first clip of the unreleased US incel [[documentary]] [[The Incel Project]] was uploaded to blip.tv. The developing [[documentary]] seemed to have stalled sometime between 2012-2014. In the same year, the vlogging community of the [[True Forced Loneliness]] 'movement' started, a space adjacent to incel boards that initially consisted of three vloggers and a website complaining about [[dating]] from a societal perspective. In 2009, [[Love-shy dot com|love-shy.com]] came under the adminship of an extremely anti-feminist admin for a couple years. This is the same year that the [[PSL]] boards started, a sequential group of raucous forums that happened to contain a lot of involuntary celibates. [[r/ugly]] is a [[semi-incelospherian]] subreddit that was created in March 2009. The website [[loveshyproject.com]] was also created in 2009. The same year, the website [[Involuntarycelibacy.com]] was created. | ||
===2010s=== | ===2010s=== | ||
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In 2017, the Netherland government got rid of it's [[Netherland Government's Model for Combatting Inceldom| | In 2017, the Netherland government got rid of it's [[Netherland Government's Model for Combatting Inceldom| | ||
25 year policy that made sex a human right in the Netherlands]], no longer providing reimbursements to disabled people seeking legal hookers. | 25-year policy that made sex a human right in the Netherlands]], no longer providing reimbursements to disabled people seeking legal hookers. | ||
In November 2017, [[reddit]] shut down the subreddit /r/incels, and a user from it, [[SergeantIncel]], created the forum which is currently known as [[incels.co]]. | In November 2017, [[reddit]] shut down the subreddit /r/incels, and a user from it, [[SergeantIncel]], created the forum which is currently known as [[incels.co]]. | ||
Incel.life was shut down in 2018, due to efforts by [[Babe Magazine]]. In early 2018, [[Alana]] decided to rebrand her abandoned research project to | Incel.life was shut down in 2018, due to efforts by [[Babe Magazine]]. In early 2018, [[Alana]] decided to rebrand her abandoned research project to "Love not Anger," while claiming that the term "incel" has acquired negative connotations. Although the trueforcedloneliness.com website is no longer operational, there nevertheless are many sporadic blogs and vlogs wherein content creators self-identify as [[TFL|TFLers]]. | ||
In 2019, the largest [[anti-incel]] group: Found the Incel, was banned from the internet by [[Facebook]] for violent speech after an outing of sample posts on Youtube by [[William]] and courageous flagging by [[Master]] and others.<ref>http://archive.is/1tvT4</ref><ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Yz6LQEKboI</ref><ref>https://incels.co/threads/one-of-facebooks-largest-anti-incel-hate-groups-gets-banned-from-the-internet.101712/</ref><ref>https://forum.incelistan.net/t/largest-ultra-violent-feminist-group-gets-banned-from-the-internet/157</ref><ref>https://incels.co/threads/one-of-facebooks-largest-anti-incel-hate-groups-gets-banned-from-the-internet.101712/</ref> | In 2019, the largest [[anti-incel]] group: Found the Incel, was banned from the internet by [[Facebook]] for violent speech after an outing of sample posts on Youtube by [[William]] and courageous flagging by [[Master]] and others.<ref>http://archive.is/1tvT4</ref><ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Yz6LQEKboI</ref><ref>https://incels.co/threads/one-of-facebooks-largest-anti-incel-hate-groups-gets-banned-from-the-internet.101712/</ref><ref>https://forum.incelistan.net/t/largest-ultra-violent-feminist-group-gets-banned-from-the-internet/157</ref><ref>https://incels.co/threads/one-of-facebooks-largest-anti-incel-hate-groups-gets-banned-from-the-internet.101712/</ref> | ||