Dominance hierarchy: Difference between revisions
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Humans have the most complex behavior of all animals and a wide variety of things determine status such as competence, [[beauty|looks/ornament]], strength/intimidation, humor, power, prestige and resources. Everyone is part of many status hierarchies at the same time, which are either formal or informal.<ref>https://www.amazon.com/Behave-Biology-Humans-Best-Worst/dp/1594205078</ref> | Humans have the most complex behavior of all animals and a wide variety of things determine status such as competence, [[beauty|looks/ornament]], strength/intimidation, humor, power, prestige and resources. Everyone is part of many status hierarchies at the same time, which are either formal or informal.<ref>https://www.amazon.com/Behave-Biology-Humans-Best-Worst/dp/1594205078</ref> | ||
Modern human status hierarchies are larger, more anonymous and a lot more formal than the natural ones in hunter-gatherers.<ref>https://www.amazon.com/dp/1594205078</ref> | Modern human status hierarchies are larger, more anonymous (in the West at least, as opposed to China where a social credit system is in play) and a lot more formal than the natural ones in hunter-gatherers.<ref>https://www.amazon.com/dp/1594205078</ref> | ||
In modern hierarchies, status is regulated by laws and represented "on paper" e.g. by income, occupational status and educational qualifications, often within large organizational or economic systems, possibly spanning the entire world. | In modern hierarchies, status is regulated by laws and represented "on paper" e.g. by income, occupational status and educational qualifications, often within large organizational or economic systems, possibly spanning the entire world. | ||
But much of the ancient ways of organizing smaller hierarchies exist nearly unchanged, e.g. the way people automatically respect tall and strong men, and also good and dominant looking men<ref>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1948550617732388</ref> and individuals who have achieved a high level of competence.<ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Dominance_hierarchy#Eye_contact</ref> Large formal hierarchies, such as economic hierarchies are not as directly tied to emotional, physiological and mental states (confidence vs anxiety) as informal hierarchies e.g. among coworkers, classmates or social circles. | But much of the ancient ways of organizing smaller hierarchies exist nearly unchanged, e.g. the way people automatically respect tall and strong men, and also good and dominant looking men<ref>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1948550617732388</ref> and individuals who have achieved a high level of competence.<ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Dominance_hierarchy#Eye_contact</ref> Large formal hierarchies, such as economic hierarchies are not as directly tied to emotional, physiological and mental states (confidence vs anxiety) as informal hierarchies e.g. among coworkers, classmates or social circles. | ||
Both men and women have a hierarchy, but the criteria and mechanisms that determine them are very different except for the importance of [[beauty]]. Women are much more gossipy and manipulative, and compete more by looks and a (sexually) faithful reputation. Men | Both men and women have a hierarchy, but the criteria and mechanisms that determine them are very different except for the importance of [[beauty]]. Women are much more gossipy and manipulative, and compete more by looks and a (sexually) faithful reputation. Men may be more cooperative and concerned with resource extraction.<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103117304195</ref> | ||
Men's hierarchies revolve more around the ability to extract resources, but also [[beauty|looks]]. Since men benefit from cooperation in resource extraction, their intrasexual competition is more productive and cooperative than women's. | Men's hierarchies revolve more around the ability to extract resources, but also [[beauty|looks]]. Since men benefit from cooperation in resource extraction, their intrasexual competition is more productive and cooperative than women's. | ||
Women's hierarchies revolve around looks and a reputation of sexual faithfulness and related traits that men desire in women. Women's intrasexual competition mainly consists in destroying one another's reputation as well as gossiping about looks because women do not gain as much from cooperation as men.<ref>[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2018.03.011 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2018.03.011]</ref> | Women's hierarchies revolve around looks and a reputation of sexual faithfulness and related traits that men desire in women. Women's intrasexual competition mainly consists in destroying one another's reputation as well as gossiping about looks because women do not gain as much from cooperation as men.<ref>[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2018.03.011 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2018.03.011]</ref> | ||