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Perhaps the focus on deleterious mutations from the news media and others is because bad news is more attention-grabbing, humanity seems to have a negativity bias.<ref>https://www.adweek.com/digital/bad-news-negative-headlines-get-much-more-attention/</ref> | Perhaps the focus on deleterious mutations from the news media and others is because bad news is more attention-grabbing, humanity seems to have a negativity bias.<ref>https://www.adweek.com/digital/bad-news-negative-headlines-get-much-more-attention/</ref> | ||
People are also possibly hardwired to socially exclude individuals with certain deleterious mutations in an effort to increase their own [[reproductive success]], and possibly also prevent these individuals from hampering group-cohesion/co-operation (in the case of deleterious mutations that damage social processing and social functioning, such as ones linked to autism).<ref>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0886260515593546</ref><ref>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301670151_Adolescent_Bullying_in_Schools_An_Evolutionary_Perspective</ref> | People are also possibly hardwired to socially exclude individuals with certain deleterious mutations in an effort to increase their own [[reproductive success]], and possibly also prevent these individuals from hampering group-cohesion/co-operation (in the case of deleterious mutations that damage social processing and social functioning, such as ones linked to autism).<ref>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0886260515593546</ref><ref>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301670151_Adolescent_Bullying_in_Schools_An_Evolutionary_Perspective</ref> | ||
==List of traits and behaviors purportedly linked to deleterious mutational load== | |||
Though undoubtedly controversial, there have been several attempts to link certain human behaviors and traits to high levels of deleterious mutational load, usually in the context of arguing these behaviors/traits are evolutionarily maladaptive. | |||
The following is a list of traits that have been purportedly linked to deleterious genomic mutations or general developmental instability (which can also be related to the prenatal environment). This line of research is immature, and many of the studies listed below have flaws such as low sample sizes, lack of appropriate controls, and spurious positive effects, etc.<ref>https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/1/9</ref> | |||
This list is collated for the purposes of completeness and to display the wide variety of traits that have been linked to the phenomenon. | |||
'''List of proposed markers of mutational load''': | |||
* Developmental instability<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920996499000742</ref> | |||
* Various forms of mental illness<ref>https://www.nature.com/articles/mp200985</ref> | |||
* Various neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism, ADHD, as well as conditions such as bipolar disorder<ref>https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11920-020-1141-x</ref><ref>https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.1613195113</ref> | |||
* Asymmetrical faces and bodies,<ref>https://www.nature.com/articles/hdy199251</ref> as well as sinistrality<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0018442X18300246</ref> | |||
* Various minor physical anomalies (MAPS), such as furrowed tongues, abnormal hair whorls, webbed feet and toes, unusually shaped ears, etc.<ref>https://academic.oup.com/schizophreniabulletin/article/35/2/425/1907479</ref> | |||
* Pedophilia<ref>https://www.proquest.com/openview/bce7539ee518b741e97446d1abfd232a/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750</ref> | |||
*Low working memory in relation to total IQ<ref>https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1207/S15326942DN1702_01</ref> | |||
*Lower general intelligence<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289604000777</ref> | |||
*Obesity<ref>https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2019/1832084/</ref><ref>https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article/100/5/E757/2829751</ref> | |||
*Atheism and paranormal belief<ref>https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40806-017-0133-5</ref> | |||
* Various diseases, such as cancer, Crohn disease, asthma, diabetes<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31424543/</ref><ref>https://www.nature.com/articles/bjc201430</ref><ref>https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/cup.13689</ref> | |||
*Low physical attractiveness<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886916311035</ref> | |||
*Various political beliefs associated with individualism and anti-natalism<ref>https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40806-017-0084-x</ref> | |||
*Precocious sexuality in certain contexts<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6023981/</ref> | |||
*Lifelong childlessness (among men) and having never been married (in both sexes)<ref>https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.26.116111v3.full</ref><ref>https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajhb.22644</ref> | |||
*Female sexual partner count among young Western university sample men<ref>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11506680/</ref> | |||
*General oxidative stress in the metabolism<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003347210003416</ref> | |||
*Congenital heart defects<ref>https://www.nature.com/articles/s41422-021-00521-w</ref> | |||
*Epilepsy<ref>https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/acn3.52046</ref> | |||
*Unusually short and tall stature<ref>https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/cpe/26/3/26_2017-0013/_article/-char/ja/</ref><ref>https://www.nature.com/articles/nrendo.2015.165</ref> | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Evolution]] | * [[Evolution]] | ||