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'''Plastic surgery''' is a surgical specialty involving the restoration, reconstruction, or alteration of the human body. A wide variety of facial '''plastic surgery''' procedures exist. They can vary greatly in their cost, efficacy, intrusiveness, and results. A skilled surgeon will generally produce more favorable results than an unskilled one. Some famous surgeons, such as Dr. Eppley and Dr. Yaremchuk, and know for producing high-quality aesthetic results. Facial plastic surgeries fall into a few basic categories: Maxillofacial surgery, Implants, Soft Tissue surgery, and others. | '''Plastic surgery''' is a surgical specialty involving the restoration, reconstruction, or alteration of the human body. A wide variety of facial '''plastic surgery''' procedures exist. They can vary greatly in their cost, efficacy, intrusiveness, and results. A skilled surgeon will generally produce more favorable results than an unskilled one. Some famous surgeons, such as Dr. Eppley and Dr. Yaremchuk, and know for producing high-quality aesthetic results. [[Facial]] plastic surgeries fall into a few basic categories: Maxillofacial surgery, Implants, Soft Tissue surgery, and others. An [[incel]] who attempts to become more attractive through plastic surgery is called [[surgerycel]] | ||
An incel who attempts to become more attractive through plastic surgery is called [[surgerycel]] | |||
==Maxillofacial Surgeries== | ==Maxillofacial Surgeries== | ||
These surgeries tend to be the most complex and invasive type of facial cosmetic surgery. In many cases, they improve both function and appearance. They are performed by osteotomy, or bone cutting. Some portion of the facial bone structure is cut off, moved into a new position, and reattached using metal screws. | These surgeries tend to be the most complex and invasive type of facial cosmetic surgery. In many cases, they improve both function and appearance. They are performed by osteotomy, or bone cutting. Some portion of the facial bone structure is cut off, moved into a new position, and reattached using metal screws. | ||
===[[LeFort 1 osteotomy]]=== | ===[[LeFort 1 osteotomy]]=== | ||
The LeFort 1 procedure is relatively simple and frequently performed. It is most frequently performed on people who have had braces to correct a [[malocclusion]] (faulty bite). The LeFort 1 involves cutting the bone underneath the nose to separate the lower [[maxilla]] from the rest of the face. The [[maxilla]] can then be moved into a more ideal position and screwed into place. There is a great deal of flexibility in possible movement of the maxilla. It can be moved forward (to correct [[maxillary retrusion]]), backward (to correct [[bimaxillary prognathism]]), and, if a slice of bone is removed, even upward (to reduce the distance between the nose and mouth). | The LeFort 1 procedure is relatively simple and frequently performed. It is most frequently performed on people who have had braces to correct a [[malocclusion]] (faulty bite). The LeFort 1 involves cutting the bone underneath the nose to separate the lower [[maxilla]] from the rest of the face. The [[maxilla]] can then be moved into a more ideal position and screwed into place. There is a great deal of flexibility in possible movement of the maxilla. It can be moved forward (to correct [[maxillary retrusion]]), backward (to correct [[bimaxillary prognathism]]), and, if a slice of bone is removed, even upward (to reduce the distance between the nose and mouth). | ||
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Although the LeFort 1 is the simplest of the LeFort procedures, it is still a fairly invasive and serious procedure. It is therefore rarely performed on people who only have slight maxillary retrusion and desire a subtle change. | Although the LeFort 1 is the simplest of the LeFort procedures, it is still a fairly invasive and serious procedure. It is therefore rarely performed on people who only have slight maxillary retrusion and desire a subtle change. | ||
===[[LeFort 2 osteotomy]]=== | ===[[LeFort 2 osteotomy]]=== | ||
The Lefort 2 is a similar concept to the LeFort 1, except in this case, the cut is made not under the nose, but above the nose. This means that the position of the nose can be adjusted along with the upper jaw. The procedure is more invasive than the LeFort 1 and carries a greater risk of complications. However, many individuals with maxillary retrusion have not only a problem with lower maxillary retrusion, but also with retrusion around the nose area. The LeFort 2 surgery can address this problem. It is generally only performed on those with a serious deformity. A person who only qualifies for a Lefort 1 but still desires enhancement of the paranasal region can simulate this effect with Paranasal Implants. | The Lefort 2 is a similar concept to the LeFort 1, except in this case, the cut is made not under the nose, but above the nose. This means that the position of the nose can be adjusted along with the upper jaw. The procedure is more invasive than the LeFort 1 and carries a greater risk of complications. However, many individuals with maxillary retrusion have not only a problem with lower maxillary retrusion, but also with retrusion around the nose area. The LeFort 2 surgery can address this problem. It is generally only performed on those with a serious deformity. A person who only qualifies for a Lefort 1 but still desires enhancement of the paranasal region can simulate this effect with Paranasal Implants. | ||
===[[LeFort 3 osteotomy]]=== | ===[[LeFort 3 osteotomy]]=== | ||
A LeFort 3 involves making the cut such that the separated area includes the [[cheekbones]] and entire [[midface]] region. This allows the entire face to be altered in position. Normally, this is performed only on people with severe deformities. It is very invasive and has higher risks of complications. | A LeFort 3 involves making the cut such that the separated area includes the [[cheekbones]] and entire [[midface]] region. This allows the entire face to be altered in position. Normally, this is performed only on people with severe deformities. It is very invasive and has higher risks of complications. | ||
===[[Bisaggital split osteotomy]]=== | ===[[Bisaggital split osteotomy]]=== | ||
Also called BSSO for short, this surgery is often performed in conjunction with the LeFort 1. Its purpose is to adjust the [[mandibular base|mandibular border length]] (distance from the [[chin]] to [[ramus]]). This is done by cutting through the lower part of the jaw and shifting it forward, or removing a slice of bone and shifting it backward. As with the LeFort procedures, the jaw's new position is held in place with screws. | Also called BSSO for short, this surgery is often performed in conjunction with the LeFort 1. Its purpose is to adjust the [[mandibular base|mandibular border length]] (distance from the [[chin]] to [[ramus]]). This is done by cutting through the lower part of the jaw and shifting it forward, or removing a slice of bone and shifting it backward. As with the LeFort procedures, the jaw's new position is held in place with screws. | ||
===[[Genioplasty]]=== | ===[[Genioplasty]]=== | ||
This procedure involves cutting off the [[chin]] and moving it into a new position. It may be used to fix a [[receding chin]], which is a common aesthetic defect. | This procedure involves cutting off the [[chin]] and moving it into a new position. It may be used to fix a [[receding chin]], which is a common aesthetic defect. | ||
==Rhinoplasty== | ==Rhinoplasty== | ||
The [[rhinoplasty]] is a broad term which encompasses many types of [[nose]] plastic surgery. It can straighten deviated [[septum]], remove a [[dorsal hump|bump]] from the nasal bridge, create a pointier [[nasal tip]], among other possible changes. | The [[rhinoplasty]] is a broad term which encompasses many types of [[nose]] plastic surgery. It can straighten deviated [[septum]], remove a [[dorsal hump|bump]] from the nasal bridge, create a pointier [[nasal tip]], among other possible changes. | ||
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Many people, like [[David Gandy]], look attractive despite having a hooked nose. Fixing other facial flaws should usually occupy a higher priority than improving the shape of the nose. | Many people, like [[David Gandy]], look attractive despite having a hooked nose. Fixing other facial flaws should usually occupy a higher priority than improving the shape of the nose. | ||
==Implants== | ==Implants== | ||
There are a wide variety of facial implants which can serve to increase the prominence of various features. | There are a wide variety of facial implants which can serve to increase the prominence of various features. | ||
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'''Paranasal Implantation''' | '''Paranasal Implantation''' | ||
Paranasal hollowing is a common facial defect. It is often related to [[maxillary retrusion]]. With paranasal hollowing, the bones around the base of the nose are weakly developed, leading to the appearance of a sunken midface. This can be addressed with implants placed around the base of the nose. | Paranasal hollowing is a common facial defect. It is often related to [[maxillary retrusion]]. With paranasal hollowing, the bones around the base of the nose are weakly developed, leading to the appearance of a sunken midface. This can be addressed with implants placed around the base of the nose. | ||
==Hair Transplantation== | ==Hair Transplantation== | ||
People suffering from [[Balding]] can have a hair transplant done. This involves moving androgen-resistant hairs from the back of the head into areas affected by baldness, namely the hairline and the crown of the head. Because there is no way to create new hairs, the end result will still have fewer hairs than there originally were. This means that even after a hair transplant, the hairline will be higher and weaker than it was prior to the onset of Norwooding. Despite this, it can still produce a fair improvement in looks. | People suffering from [[Balding]] can have a hair transplant done. This involves moving androgen-resistant hairs from the back of the head into areas affected by baldness, namely the hairline and the crown of the head. Because there is no way to create new hairs, the end result will still have fewer hairs than there originally were. This means that even after a hair transplant, the hairline will be higher and weaker than it was prior to the onset of Norwooding. Despite this, it can still produce a fair improvement in looks. | ||
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Some people will have a strip harvesting procedure performed first. Later, when more hair falls out, they will find new bald spots, which they can have filled in using an additional FUE procedure. | Some people will have a strip harvesting procedure performed first. Later, when more hair falls out, they will find new bald spots, which they can have filled in using an additional FUE procedure. | ||
[[Category:Plastic surgery]] | [[Category:Plastic surgery]] | ||
{{Lookism}} | {{Lookism}} | ||