Mutation: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
1,498 bytes added ,  2 October 2020
m
Line 52: Line 52:
Deleterious mutations appear to also degrade the general quality of the phenotype, so people with a higher mutational load may be less physically attractive on average.
Deleterious mutations appear to also degrade the general quality of the phenotype, so people with a higher mutational load may be less physically attractive on average.
High mutational load is associated with greater fluctuating asymmetry, though the effects of higher levels of this trait on physical attractiveness and overall mating behavior seem mixed, partly due to poor quality research and differing methods of measuring this trait.<ref>https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c7f1/ed676ed9d7440fa3c1cad3ebb37589f39d57.pdf</ref>
High mutational load is associated with greater fluctuating asymmetry, though the effects of higher levels of this trait on physical attractiveness and overall mating behavior seem mixed, partly due to poor quality research and differing methods of measuring this trait.<ref>https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c7f1/ed676ed9d7440fa3c1cad3ebb37589f39d57.pdf</ref>
Paul Erhlich, the author of the book "The Population Bomb", a work with a fearmongering Malthusian tone which warned of the catastrophic effects of overpopulation, has also claimed that the size of the modern human jawbone is much smaller than it was pre-modernization.
Like Mike Mew, he mainly blames environmental factors like mouth-breathing, modern food processing techniques making food require less effort to chew, though Erhlich also attributes some of this claimed decrease in jaw size to environmental pollution with toxic chemicals that disrupt the regular development of the jaw.<ref>https://news.stanford.edu/2018/04/10/paul-ehrlich-problems-modern-jaw/</ref>
Some of this decrease may also be due to increasing mutational load or selection pressure against larger jaws, though it seems these factors are insufficient to explain most malocclusions, or the secular decrease in jaw size, given the low frequency of these gene variants and the apparent rapid pace of this change in jaw size.<ref>https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/article/70/9/759/5872832</ref>
It is also not known how much of a role smaller jaws would play in reducing physical attractiveness. Overall facial masculinity is only weakly (if at all) linked to male physical attractiveness and lifetime mating/reproducive success,<ref>https://incels.wiki/w/Facial_masculinity</ref> though mutations that would result in oddly shaped or maloccluded jaws would be expected to reduce physical attractiveness significantly.


== Deleterious vs beneficial mutations ==
== Deleterious vs beneficial mutations ==

Navigation menu