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Facial width-to-height ratio: Difference between revisions
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Some have argued that this is due to a feedback loop forming where men with traits that appear to others to denote anti-social and aggressive tendencies (such as a higher fWHR) are more likely to be excluded by peers from co-operative, mutually beneficial exchanges. It is argued that this exclusion may consequently lead these men to be conditioned into behaving in a more exploitative and aggressive manner towards others, in a self-fulfilling prophesy.<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3756066/</ref> | Some have argued that this is due to a feedback loop forming where men with traits that appear to others to denote anti-social and aggressive tendencies (such as a higher fWHR) are more likely to be excluded by peers from co-operative, mutually beneficial exchanges. It is argued that this exclusion may consequently lead these men to be conditioned into behaving in a more exploitative and aggressive manner towards others, in a self-fulfilling prophesy.<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3756066/</ref> | ||
The disparate social outcomes of men with greater fWHR indicated by this research may also be simply down to a greater fWHR being associated with traits that may be generally beneficial in attaining social status, but that may also pose a greater trade-off in terms of the potential interpersonal costs of pursuing such behaviors: such as psychopathic fearless dominance,<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0191886913012798</ref> greater levels of psychopathy in general,<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0191886915005759</ref> actual aggressive behavior (as opposed to just perceptions of | The disparate social outcomes of men with greater fWHR indicated by this research may also be simply down to a greater fWHR being associated with traits that may be generally beneficial in attaining social status, but that may also pose a greater trade-off in terms of the potential interpersonal costs of pursuing such behaviors: such as psychopathic fearless dominance,<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0191886913012798</ref> greater levels of psychopathy in general,<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0191886915005759</ref> actual aggressive behavior (as opposed to just perceptions of aggressive potential),<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4388848/</ref> and a greater achievement drive and ruthless ambition (fWHR was moderately associated with achievement drive but weakly negatively associated with 'praise and polish' in a sample of historical US presidents).<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0191886912000049</ref> | ||
==Measurement styles== | ==Measurement styles== | ||