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'''IQ''' or '''intelligence quotient''' is a measure of a person's cognitive ability. IQ is measured with tests that contain cognitive tasks that are chosen to be as unrelated to culture and prior experience as possible. | '''IQ''' or '''intelligence quotient''' is a measure of a person's cognitive ability. IQ is measured with tests that contain cognitive tasks that are chosen to be as unrelated to culture and prior experience as possible. | ||
It turns out that performance on different IQ tests correlates somewhat (r = ~0.5) which means each human has a certain amount of ''general intelligence'' that largely determines their ability to act intelligently in ''all'' cognitive tasks. | It turns out that performance on different IQ tests correlates somewhat (r = ~0.5) which means each human has a certain amount of ''general intelligence'' that largely determines their ability to act intelligently in ''all'' cognitive tasks. IQ has also been found to correlate with certain physiological measures, such as reaction time<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0160289601000629</ref>, brain volume,<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0160289616303385</ref> and color discrimation.<ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0160289601000666</ref> This has lead to the conclusion that intelligence is linked having effectively more efficient and functional brains in general. | ||
Abilities that are relevant for all cognitive tasks are for example to quickly learn, store, and process a maximal amount of information and quickly run through different hypotheses without losing track of things. This enables one to better find a solution or path to any given goal or solution to a problem. | Abilities that are relevant for all cognitive tasks are for example to quickly learn, store, and process a maximal amount of information and quickly run through different hypotheses without losing track of things. This enables one to better find a solution or path to any given goal or solution to a problem. | ||
Even real-life cognitive tasks like school, work and social performance (but only declarative knowledge about social events, not so much gossipy socializing<ref>https://psychology.stackexchange.com/questions/9746/does-high-iq-correlate-with-good-social-skills</ref>) are just as much correlated with general intelligence as other IQ tests. This means IQ allows to very reliably decide about extremes, for example a person with IQ less than 90 is very likely to fail in an academic math course. A battery of at least three tests is necessary to assess general intelligence accurately (short-term memory, reasoning and verbal skills).<ref>https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/9755929/IQ-tests-do-not-reflect-intelligence.html</ref> | Even real-life cognitive tasks like school, work and social performance (but only declarative knowledge about social events, not so much gossipy socializing<ref>https://psychology.stackexchange.com/questions/9746/does-high-iq-correlate-with-good-social-skills</ref>) are just as much correlated with general intelligence as other IQ tests. This means IQ allows to very reliably decide about extremes, for example a person with IQ less than 90 is very likely to fail in an academic math course. | ||
A battery of at least three tests is necessary to assess general intelligence accurately (short-term memory, reasoning and verbal skills).<ref>https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/9755929/IQ-tests-do-not-reflect-intelligence.html</ref> | |||
Colloquially, "IQ" is used synonymously with general intelligence. | Colloquially, "IQ" is used synonymously with general intelligence. | ||