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===India=== | ===India=== | ||
India is a country that has a deeply held preference for sons, and as a result as of 2018, has an excess of 37 million males,<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2018/world/too-many-men/</ref> making up 2.7% of the country's population, but a larger fraction among the young. | [[File:India_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png|thumb|350px|India population pyramid in 2020]] | ||
Due to the surplus of young men, Indian men likely suffer higher rates of inceldom than Indian women. While women usually lose their virginity during their teens, men are more likely to lose it in their twenties. Statistics also show that | India is a country that has a deeply held preference for sons, and as a result as of 2018, has an excess of 37 million males,<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2018/world/too-many-men/</ref> making up 2.7% of the country's population, but a larger fraction among the young, around 6.5% (see the figure on the right). | ||
Due to the surplus of young men, Indian men likely suffer higher rates of inceldom than Indian women, though overall, about an equal share of men and women report having had sex over the part weeks.<ref name="indiastats"></ref> While women usually lose their virginity during their teens,<ref name="childmarriage"></ref> men are more likely to lose it in their twenties.<ref name="indiastats"></ref> Statistics also show that sexlessness is higher in the south of India than the north,<ref name="indiastats">https://www.livemint.com/Politics/RC0cvSgItInzrPBjAZ3f2L/Sex-in-India-What-data-shows.html</ref> though some regions with the highest male surplus are found in the north, e.g. accounting for around 4.7% of the population in Delhi and 4.6% in Haryana,<ref>http://niti.gov.in/content/sex-ratio-females-1000-males</ref> and likely even higher among the younger cohorts in these regions. | |||
One survey found that men in India have the least sex of all countries that were survey.<ref>https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/india/10283499/No-sex-please-were-Indian-survey-finds-men-in-the-sub-continent-have-fewest-partners.html</ref> | |||
Surprisingly, according to some sources, India is characterized as having some of the lowest rape rates in international comparison,<ref>John A. Humphrey, Frank Schmalleger: Mental illness, addictive behaviors, and sexual deviance 2012, ISBN 978-0-7637-9773-7, S. 252.</ref><ref> Humphrey, John A.; Schmalleger, Frank (2012), "Mental illness, addictive behaviors, and sexual deviance", in Humphrey, John A.; Schmalleger, Frank (eds.), Deviant behavior (2nd ed.), Sudbury, Massachusetts: Jones & Bartlett Learning, p. 252, ISBN 9780763797737.</ref><ref> Gregg Barak. Crime and Crime Control: A Global View: A Global View. ABC-CLIO. p. 74. "Overall, however, rape rates are still lower than most other countries."</ref><ref> United Nations (2009). African Women's Report 2009: Measuring Gender Inequality in Africa - Experiences and Lessons from the African Gender and Development Index. United Nations Publications. pp. 68–. ISBN 978-92-1-054362-0. </ref><ref> Colonel Y Udaya Chandar (23 September 2016). The Ailing India. Notion Press. p. 337. ISBN 978-1-945926-26-6.</ref> however, this is suspected to owe to a very high dark figure, which is evidenced by some high profile cases of e.g. gang rape arousing attention in Indian media.<ref>Siuli Sarkar: Gender Disparity in India. 2016, ISBN 978-81-203-5251-3.</ref><ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-31483956</ref> | Surprisingly, according to some sources, India is characterized as having some of the lowest rape rates in international comparison,<ref>John A. Humphrey, Frank Schmalleger: Mental illness, addictive behaviors, and sexual deviance 2012, ISBN 978-0-7637-9773-7, S. 252.</ref><ref> Humphrey, John A.; Schmalleger, Frank (2012), "Mental illness, addictive behaviors, and sexual deviance", in Humphrey, John A.; Schmalleger, Frank (eds.), Deviant behavior (2nd ed.), Sudbury, Massachusetts: Jones & Bartlett Learning, p. 252, ISBN 9780763797737.</ref><ref> Gregg Barak. Crime and Crime Control: A Global View: A Global View. ABC-CLIO. p. 74. "Overall, however, rape rates are still lower than most other countries."</ref><ref> United Nations (2009). African Women's Report 2009: Measuring Gender Inequality in Africa - Experiences and Lessons from the African Gender and Development Index. United Nations Publications. pp. 68–. ISBN 978-92-1-054362-0. </ref><ref> Colonel Y Udaya Chandar (23 September 2016). The Ailing India. Notion Press. p. 337. ISBN 978-1-945926-26-6.</ref> however, this is suspected to owe to a very high dark figure, which is evidenced by some high profile cases of e.g. gang rape arousing attention in Indian media.<ref>Siuli Sarkar: Gender Disparity in India. 2016, ISBN 978-81-203-5251-3.</ref><ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-31483956</ref> | ||
In recent years, Indian media have recognized the issue as 'rape crisis'.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/dec/06/i-dont-see-anything-changing-despair-india-rape-crisis-grows</ref><ref>https://www.indiatoday.in/diu/story/sexual-violence-pandemic-india-rape-cases-doubled-seventeen-years-1628143-2019-12-13</ref><ref>https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/6177475/scale-india-child-rape-epidemic/<br/>https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/two-more-girls-found-dead-despite-protests-over-india-s-rape-culture-asifa-bano-modi-india-vqdhs2qkh</ref><ref>https://thediplomat.com/2012/04/indias-shame/</ref> | In recent years, Indian media have recognized the issue as 'rape crisis'.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/dec/06/i-dont-see-anything-changing-despair-india-rape-crisis-grows</ref><ref>https://www.indiatoday.in/diu/story/sexual-violence-pandemic-india-rape-cases-doubled-seventeen-years-1628143-2019-12-13</ref><ref>https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/6177475/scale-india-child-rape-epidemic/<br/>https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/two-more-girls-found-dead-despite-protests-over-india-s-rape-culture-asifa-bano-modi-india-vqdhs2qkh</ref><ref>https://thediplomat.com/2012/04/indias-shame/</ref> | ||
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It is unknown to which extent these circumstances stem from the male surplus or a history of intense neglect of females and son preference, though even if not the primary cause, the male surplus may drive a general apathy on the matter. It is believed up to 63 million females have been aborted in India's history,<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jan/30/more-than-63-million-women-missing-in-india-statistics-show</ref> with some regions practicing female infranticide to this day.<ref>https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2012/05/trash-bin-babies-indias-female-infanticide-crisis/257672/</ref> India remains the only country in the world to have pro-rape marches,<ref>https://thewire.in/politics/hindu-ekta-manch-bjp-protest-support-spo-arrested-rape-jammu</ref> and nearly 40% of all females who commit suicide come from India,<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/sep/13/nearly-two-out-of-five-women-who-commit-suicide-are-indian</ref> sometimes associated with high profile rape cases.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/rape-survivor-kills-herself-forced-marriage-india-a7380536.html</ref><ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/dec/05/india-woman-set-on-fire-on-way-to-testify-against-alleged-rapists</ref> | It is unknown to which extent these circumstances stem from the male surplus or a history of intense neglect of females and son preference, though even if not the primary cause, the male surplus may drive a general apathy on the matter. It is believed up to 63 million females have been aborted in India's history,<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jan/30/more-than-63-million-women-missing-in-india-statistics-show</ref> with some regions practicing female infranticide to this day.<ref>https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2012/05/trash-bin-babies-indias-female-infanticide-crisis/257672/</ref> India remains the only country in the world to have pro-rape marches,<ref>https://thewire.in/politics/hindu-ekta-manch-bjp-protest-support-spo-arrested-rape-jammu</ref> and nearly 40% of all females who commit suicide come from India,<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/sep/13/nearly-two-out-of-five-women-who-commit-suicide-are-indian</ref> sometimes associated with high profile rape cases.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/rape-survivor-kills-herself-forced-marriage-india-a7380536.html</ref><ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/dec/05/india-woman-set-on-fire-on-way-to-testify-against-alleged-rapists</ref> | ||
Further, there are known elected rapists, murderers, pedophiles, terrorists and other criminals in the Indian parliament.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/south-asia/40-per-cent-of-indias-mps-face-criminal-charges-including-rape-and-murder-study</ref> Despite anti-child marriage legislation, up to 50% of women between 20-24 years old were married before they turned 18 and marital rape is not criminal in India if the bride is 15 or older,<ref>https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/5050/ending-child-sexual-abuse-india/</ref> suggesting that what would count as child rape in Western countries is highly prevalent in India. | Further, there are known elected rapists, murderers, pedophiles, terrorists and other criminals in the Indian parliament.<ref>https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/south-asia/40-per-cent-of-indias-mps-face-criminal-charges-including-rape-and-murder-study</ref> Despite anti-child marriage legislation, up to 50% of women between 20-24 years old were married before they turned 18 and marital rape is not criminal in India if the bride is 15 or older,<ref name="childmarriage">https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/5050/ending-child-sexual-abuse-india/</ref> suggesting that what would count as child rape in Western countries is highly prevalent in India. | ||
===Italy=== | ===Italy=== | ||