Scientific Blackpill: Difference between revisions

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Scientific Blackpill (edit)

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→‎Women name the wrong man as the "father" for between 0.8% and 30% of all childbirths
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A review published in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health by Bellis ''et al.''(2005) concluded that "For disputed paternity tests median levels of PD across 16 studies is  26.9%. However, being based on cases where PD was already suspected this inevitably overestimates population levels. For studies based on populations chosen for reasons other than disputed paternity median PD is 3.7%."
A review published in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health by Bellis ''et al.''(2005) concluded that in cases where paternity was disputed, 26.9% of cases showed paternity fraud. In the general population where children were more randomly tested by blood or genetic markers to assess their paternity, the median rate of paternity fraud was 3.7%, with studies ranging from 0.8% to 30%.


The authors also remarked that those most at-risk of paternity fraud were men of low socio-economic status, and those most likely to commit it were young women in concurrent sexual relationships, which apparently included "British women with concurrent sexual partners in past 12 months;16–24 years = 15.2%, 25–34 years = 7.6%" and the authors of this study noted that this was an increasing trend, at least in the United Kingdom.
The authors also remarked that those most at-risk of paternity fraud were men of low socio-economic status, and those most likely to commit it were young women in concurrent sexual relationships, which apparently included "British women with concurrent sexual partners in past 12 months;16–24 years = 15.2%, 25–34 years = 7.6%" and the authors of this study noted that this was an increasing trend, at least in the United Kingdom.


It is important to note this rate of paternity fraud is '''per birth''' not per individual(s) involved, therefore these figures underestimate somewhat the amount of men who fall victim to paternity fraud with at least one of their offspring.
It is important to note this rate of paternity fraud is '''per birth''' not per individual(s) involved, therefore these figures underestimate somewhat the amount of men who fall victim to paternity fraud with at least one of their offspring.
<span style="font-size:125%>'''Data:'''</span>
{| class="wikitable"
! style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Paternity Fraud (%)
! style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Location
! style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Sample Size
! style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Reference
|-
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3.7
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | UK
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2578
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Edwards, 1957
|-
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 18.0
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | USA
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 67
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Sussman and Schatkin, 1957
|-
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1.4
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | USA
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1417
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Schacht and Gershowitz, 1963
|-
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 10.1
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | USA
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 523
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Schacht and Gershowitz, 1963
|-
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.7
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | USA
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6960
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Peritz and Rust, 1972
|-
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 30.0
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | UK
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 200
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Philipp, 1973
|-
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 9.0
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | South America
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 132
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Neel and Weiss, 1975
|-
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.3
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | USA
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2839
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Ashton, 1980
|-
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 7.0
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | France
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 300
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Salmon et al, 1980
|-
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4.0
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | New Zealand
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1983
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Lathrop et al, 1983
|-
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.9
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Mexico
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 217
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Penaloza, 1986
|-
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1.4
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | UK
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 521
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Brock and Shrimpton, 1991
|-
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.8
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | France
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 362
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Le Roux et al, 1992
|-
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4.0
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Canada
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 25
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Poon et al, 1993
|-
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.8
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Switzerland
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1607
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Sasse et al, 1994
|-
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 11.8
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Mexico
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 396
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Cerda-Flores et al, 1999
|-
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1.6
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | UK
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 744
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Chataway et al, 1999
|-
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3.8
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | -
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | -
| style="font-size:100%; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MEDIAN
|}
<span style="font-size:125%>'''Quotes:'''</span>
* ''For disputed paternity tests median levels of PD across 16 studies is  26.9%. ''
* ''For studies based on populations chosen for reasons other than disputed paternity median PD is 3.7%. ''


<span style="font-size:125%>'''References:'''</span>
<span style="font-size:125%>'''References:'''</span>
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